阅读策略: 词义猜测题
[策略聚焦]
此类题要求学生准确理解文中某些关键词的含义。词义猜测包括对超纲词义的推断以及熟词生义的猜测，需要通过上下文得出其在特定场合的含义。
猜测词义的方法一般有下列几种：
① 通过构词法（派生、合成、转化）猜测。
②通过已有的同义词或反义词猜测，即在上下文中找出生词的其他表示方法, 由此推断其含义。
③通过同位语猜测。
④通过解释性的词语（如that is; that is to say； or ； namely ； in other words）以及标点符号（如破折号、括号）引出的对该词的解释性词、句猜测。
⑤通过具体语境中体现出来的某种关系（如：因果关系、转折关系、同类关系）猜测。
[技能实践]
◆ Car rentals (出租) are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the roads.
1. The underlined word “inexpensive” in the sentence is closest in meaning to _____.
A. modern B. valuable C. convenient D. cheap
◆ Mr. Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly loquacious.
2. The underlined word “loquacious” in the sentence probably means _____.
A. quiet B. calm C. active D. talkative
◆ The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbors all called her an eccentric lady.
3. An eccentric lady is likely _____.
A. to get along with easily
B. to be different from most people
C. to be humor and lovely
D. to be serious and beloved
◆ Most women in Ghana — the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old —
work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.
4. The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage means _____.
A. repeated B. rich C. uneducated D. sick
◆ Dr. Barnard was a member of an agricultural mission to India, a group of experts on better farming methods.
5. The underlined word “mission” in the sentence means _____.
A. a group of workers working abroad
B. a group of students studying abroad
C. a group of tourists travelling in foreign countries
D. a group sent abroad to offer help to a foreign country
◆ Before the main business of a conference begins, the chairman usually makes a short preliminary speech, or makes a few preliminary remarks. In other words, he says a few things by way of introduction.
6. What do the underlined words “preliminary speech” mean?
A. A speech to give a brief introduction.
B. A speech to make the atmosphere active.
C. A speech to attract the attention of the listeners.
D. A speech to make the listeners laugh.
◆ Music, for instance, was once as groups’ experience. ... For many people now, however, music is an individual experience.
7. The underlined word “individual” probably means _____.
A. special B. personal C. serious D. alone
[技能点拨]
答案：1-7 DDBCDAB
1. 从表示否定意义的前缀in-以及我们所熟悉的expensive 可知inexpensive 意为“不贵的”，因此答案为D 。
2. 很显然, “similarly” 为做此题提供了重要线索, 说明 “loquacious” 等于“love to talk”，所以答案为D 。