小学六年级英语

小升初英语必备的 20 组词语辨析2012-07-23 16:14:23 来源：本站原创 进入论坛1. after, in 这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思?after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中?如:She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的?in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中?如:She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走?2. how long, how often, how soon how long 指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如 three days, four weeks 等)提问?如:How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了?how often 指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如 once a week 等)提问?如:—How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次?how soon 指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问? 如:How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来?3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some few 和 little 的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而 a few 和 a little 的意思是肯定 的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”?few 和 a few 修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词?several 用于修饰可数名词,语意比 a few 和 some 更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思?some 可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于 a few 或 a little, 有时指更多一些的数量?4. the other, another the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指?如:We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我们站在街这边,他们站在那边?another 着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”,表示泛指,所以常用来指至少三个中的一个? 如:She has taken another of my books. 她已经拿了我的另外一本书?5. spend, take, cost, pay spend 的宾语通常是时间?金钱?在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动 词不定式做它的宾语?如:She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整个晚上用来读书?take 常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语?如:How long will this job take you?你做这项工作要花多长时间?cost 指花费时间?金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态? 如:How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱?pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)?如:I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金?6. speak, say, talk, tell 这四个动词都有“说”的意思?speak 的意思是“讲话;演讲”,着重指说话的动作,指开口说 或连续不断地说,多用作不及物动词;用作及物动词时,其宾语是语言名称?如:He can speak Japanese. 他会说日语?say 的意思是“说;讲”,一般用作及物动词,着重指说话的内容?它的宾语可以是名词?代词 或直接引语等?如:She says, “Don’t draw on the wall!”她说:“别在墙上画画!”talk 的意思是“说;讲;谈话”,与 speak 意义比较接近,但不如 speak 正式,着重强调两人之间 的相互谈话,也可指单方面的谈话?如:She is talking with John in English.她正在和约翰用英语 交谈?tell 意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐”,多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人,常接双宾语?除了 story, news, truth, joke, lie(谎言)等直接宾语外,还可以接人等间接宾语?如:She is telling the children a story.她正在给孩子们讲故事?7. among, between between 的意思是“在……中间,在……之间”,一般指在两者之间?如:There is a table between two windows. 在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子?between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的 事物之间,但那是指在每二者之间?如:the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系?)among 的意思是“在……中间?在……之中”,一般指在三个或三个以上的同类事物之中? 如:The teacher distributed them among the students. 老师把这些东西分给了学生?8. beat, win 这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同?beat 是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人 或队?如:We beat them. 我们打败了他们?win 指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛?名次?如:We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我们 赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名)?9. agree with, agree on, agree to agree on 表示“就……取得一致意见”?如:We all agree on (making) an early start. 我们一 致同意及早出发?agree with 表示“与……意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表 示意见?看法的名词或 what 引导的从句?如:I agree with you without reservation.我毫无保留地 同意你的意见?We agree with what you said just now.我们同意你刚才所说的意见?agree to 后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句?如:I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意拟议的条件?10. bring, take, carry,fetch 这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同?bring 作“带来,拿来”解?如:Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不 要忘了把一份你的作品带给我?take 是 bring 的对语,作“带去,拿去”解?如:Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走?carry 表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车?船,也可以用手甚至用头?如:This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 这辆巴士准载一百人?fetch 则表示“去拿来”的意思?如: Please fetch me the documents in that room. 请到那间房 间去把文件拿来给我?11. each, every 两词都是“每个”的意思,但着重点不同?each 着重个别的情况,every 着重全体,有“所有的” 的意思?如:She knows each student of the class.她认识这个班里的每一个学生?She knows every student of the class.她认识这个班所有的学生?12. no one, none no one 指“没有人(只能指人,不能用来指物)”,意思与 nobody 相同,作主语时不必跟 of 连 用,如:No one believes him since he is not honest. 没有人相信他,因为他不诚实?No one else but I went. 除我以外,谁也没去?none 指“一个也没有(既可指人,也可指物)”,作主语时代替不可数名词,谓语动词用单数 形式;代替可数名词,谓语动词用单?复数都可以?但在“主+系+表”结构中,如果表语为复数,则 系动词要用复数形式?如:None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我们谁也不怕困难?13. go on doing, go on to do, go on with这三个动词短语都有“继续做某事”的意思,其区别如下:go on doing 表示“继续做,一直在 做某事(中间无间断)”;go on to do 表示“接着做某事”,即某事已做完,接着做另一件事;go on with 也表示“继续做某事”,其含义是某一动作一度中止后,又继续下去?14. too much, much too 二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too 为副词词组,修饰形容词?副词,不可修饰动词?如:It’s much too cold.天气实在是太冷了?too much 作“太多”讲,有以下三种用法?(1)作名词词组?如:You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了? (2)作形容词词组修饰不可数名词?如:don’t drink toomuch wine. 不要饮太多的酒?(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词?如:She talks too much. 她说话太多?15. lonely, alone 二者都可表示“孤独,独自”,alone 指客观存在的“孤独”,而 lonely 更偏重一种主观感受上 的“寂寞”?如:I went alone. 我是一个人去的?Mary lived alone, but she didn’t feel lonely. 玛丽 孤身一人生活,但她并不感到孤独?16. happen, take place 与 occurhappen 有“偶然”的意思,多用于客观事物?情况的发生?如:Whatever has happened to your arm? It’s all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?肿得好历害?occur 指有计划地使某些事“发生”?有时强调“呈现”于人的知觉中?如:did it occur to you to phone them about it?你难道没想到就这事给他们打个电话?具体事物?事件作主语时,happen 和 occur 可以通用?如:The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天发生的?take place 指事件发生,但常用来表示“举行”的意思,带有非偶然性?例如:The meeting took place last night.会议昨晚举行?17. in front of, in the front of in front of 的意思是“在……前面”?如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵 树?in the front of 的意思是“在……前部”,指在某个空间范围内的前面?如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板?18. find, find out 两者都有“发现”的意思,但语义有差别?find 有偶然发现某物的意味?如:He found a bag on the floor. 他发现地板上有个书包?find out 指“经过,探听,询问”,指调查之后的“发现”或“弄清楚”?如:please find out who took my book by mistake.请查清楚谁错拿了我的书?19. noise, voice, sound 这三个词都作“声音”解,在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者可以通用?但它们又各有特 定的含义?sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指可以听到的任何声音,如:a weak sound 微弱的声?noise 作“噪音,嘈杂声,吵闹声”解,指不悦耳,不和谐的声音?它既可作可数名词,也可作不 可数名词?如:Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音?voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声?歌声和笑声?如:He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊?有时也用于引申意义,作“意见?发言权”解?如:I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事,我没有发言权?20. arrive, get, reach三者均可表示“到达”,arrive 后通常接介词 at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大 的地方)?如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了 5 分钟到车站?又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎?get 之后通常接介词 to?如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时,就 开始下雨了?reach 是及物动词(较 get 更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)?如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京?小升初不规则动词汇总表2012-01-11 10:03:25 来源：本站原创 进入论坛一、ABC 型原形 am/is(be) are(be) bear begin break do draw drink drive eat fall fly forget give go hide过去式 was were bore began broke did drew drank drove ate fell flew forgot gave went hid过去分词 been been born begun broken done drawn drunk driven eaten fallen flown forgotten given gone hidden现在分词 being being bearing beginning breaking doing drawing drinking driving eating falling flying forgetting giving going hiding释义 是 是 忍受 开始 打破 做 画 喝 驾驶 吃 落下 飞 忘记 给 去 躲藏，隐藏know lie mistake ride ring rise see shake sing speak swim take wear write 原形 awake bring build buy catch feel fight find get have/has hear hold keep learn leave lend loseknew lay mistook rode rang rose saw shook sang spoke swam took wore wrote 过去式 awoke brought built bought caught felt fought found got had heard held kept learnt left lent lostknown lain mistaken ridden rung risen seen shaken sung spoken swum taken worn written 过去分词 awoke brought built bought caught felt fought found got had heard held kept learnt left lent lostknowing lying mistaking rideing ringing rising seeing shaking singing speaking swimming taking wearing writing 现在分词 awaking bringing building buying catching feeling fighting finding getting having hearing holding keeping learning leaving lending losing知道，了解 躺 弄错 骑 响，包围 升起 看 摇动 唱 说 游泳 拿，拿走 穿；戴 书写 释义 唤醒 拿来 建造 买 抓 感觉 战斗 找到 得到 有 听 握住 保持 学习 离开 借给 丢失make meet pay say sell send shoot sit sleep spell spend stand teach tell think understand winmade met paid said sold sent shot sat slept spelt spent stood taught told thought understood wonmade met paid said sold sent shot sat slept spelt spent stood taught told thought understood wonmaking meeting paying saying selling sending shooting sitting sleeping spelling spending standing teaching telling thinking understanding wining制造 遇见 支付 说 卖 送 射击 坐 睡觉 拼写 花费 站 教 告诉 想 明白 赢2012-01-11 10:03:25 来源：本站原创 进入论坛三、AAA 型和 ABA 型原形 cut hit hurt let put read set become run过去式 cut hit hurt let put read set became ran过去分词 cut hit hurt let put read set become run现在分词 cutting hitting hurting letting putting reading setting becoming running释义 切 打击 伤害 让 放 阅读 放 变为 跑步小升初英语动词词组、介词词组大汇总2012-10-25 17:05:10 来源：本站原创 进入论坛小升初英语也是小升初考试中非常重要的一科。 我们应该如何复习才能够在小升初英语考试 中取得好成绩呢？小升初英语学习必须靠着日积月累的知识，所以，从现在开始，我们就应 该为小升初英语考试储备知识咯！以下是广州智康 1 对 1 为同学们整理的动词词组(包括短 语动词)、介词词组和其他词组，供参考！(一)由 be 构成的词组1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出2)be at home/work 在家/上班3)be good at sth.善于，擅长于4)be careful of sth.当心，注意，仔细5)be covered with sth.被……复盖6)be ready for sth.为……作好准备7)be surprised (at) sth.对……感到惊讶8)be interested in sth.对……感到举9)be born 出生10)be on 在进行，在上演，(灯)亮着11)be able to do sth. 能够做……12)be afraid of sth. (to do sth. that…) 害怕……(不敢做……，恐怕……)13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气14)be pleased (with) sth.对……感到高兴(满意)15)be famous for sth. 以……而著名16)be strict in sth. 严格要求某事 be strict with sb. 严格要求某人17)be from 来自……，什么地方人18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了19)be worried 担忧20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做……21)be covered with 被……所覆盖……22)be in (great) need of (很)需要23)be in trouble 处于困境中24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做…… 25)be late for sth. ……迟到26)be made of 由……制成(物理变化) be made from 由……制成(化学变化)27)be satisfied with sth.对……感到满意28)be free 空闲的，有空29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做……(忙于……)(二)由 come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、look、put、set、send、take、 turn、play 等动词构成的词组1)come back 回来2)come down 下来3)come in 进入，进来4)come on 快，走吧，跟我来5)come out 出来6)come out of 从……出来7)come up 上来8)come from 来自……9)do one's lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业10)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读11)do one's best 尽力12)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除)13)do a good deed (good deeds)做一件好事(做好事)14)do morning exercises 做早操15)do eye exercises 做眼保健操16)do well in 在……某方面干得好17)get up 起身18)get everything ready 把一切都准备好19)get ready for (=be ready for) 为……作好准备20)get on (well) with 与……相处(融洽)21)get back 返回22)get rid of 除掉，去除23)get in 进入，收集24)get on/off 上/下车25)get to 到达26)get there 到达那里27)give sb. a call 给……打电话28)give a talk 作报告29)give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)30)give back 归还，送回 31)give……some advice on 给……一些忠告32)give lessons to 给……上课33)give in 屈服34)give up 放弃35)give sb. a chance 给……一次机会 36)give a message to…… 给……一个口信37)go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧38)go to the cinema 看电影39)go to bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)40)go to school /college) 上学(上大学)41)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病42)go over 过一遍，复习/ go over to 朝……走去43)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西44)go home (there) 回家去(去那儿)45)go round 顺便去，绕道走46)go up 上去47)go out for a walk 外出散步48)go on (doing) 继续(做……)49)go on with one's work 继续某人的工作50)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼51)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了52)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会53)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛54)have dictation 听见55)have a try 试一试56)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴57)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)58)have a report (talk) on 听一个关于……的报告59)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水，(一杯茶)60)have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭61)have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭)62)have a dinner 吃正餐63)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶64)have (have got) a headache 头痛65)have a fever 发烧66)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒)67)have a look (at) 看一看……68)have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)69)have a talk 谈话70)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步71)have sports 进行体育锻炼72)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会73)have something done 让人(请人)做……74)have a test/an exam 测验/考试75)have an idea 有了个主意76)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做……(最好不要做……)77)have a word with 与……谈几句话78)help sb. with sth. help sb. do sth. 在……方面帮助…… 帮助……做79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉80)help each other 互相帮助81)keep up with 跟上……，不落后于……82)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静83)keep sb. doing sth. 使……一直做……84)keep one's diary 记日记85)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂，响声)86)make a living 谋生87)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做……88)make faces (a face)做鬼脸89)make friends (with)与……交朋友90)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误91)make room/space for 给……腾出地方92)make a sentence (sentences)with 用……造句93)make a fire 生火94)be made from/of 由……制成95)be made in 在……地方制造96)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)97)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典98)look up 往上看，仰望99)look after 照管，照看，照顾100)look for 寻找101)look like 看上去像102)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑103)look out 当心，小心 104)look on …as… 把……当作……看待105)look around 朝四周看106)look at 看着……107)put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)，上演(戏剧)108)put up 建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖109)put into 使进入，输入110)put one's heart into 全神贯注于 111)put…down… 把……放下 112)put…into… 把……译成113)set up 竖起，建起114)set off 出发，动身115)set out 出发116)set an example for 为……树立榜样117)send for 派人去请(叫)118)send out 放出，发出119)end up 把……往上送，发射120)take one's advice 听从某人劝告121)take out 拿出，取出122)take down 拿下123)take place 发生 124)take one's place 坐……的座位，代替某人职务125)take the place of 代替……126)take a walk/rest 散步/休息127)take it easy 别紧张128)take sth.with sb. 随身带着129)take sb. to a park/London for one's holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假130)take care of 关心，照顾，保管131)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼)132)take an exam 参加考试133)take away 拿走134)take back 收回，带回135)take hold of 抓住……136)take off 脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉137)take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动)138)take photos 拍照139)take some medicine 服药140)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车，火车/船141)turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等)142)turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)143)turn in 交出，上交 144)turn…into… 变成145)turn to 翻到，转向146)turn down (把音量)调低 147)turn…over 把……翻过来148)play basketball 打篮球，football 踢足球，volleyball 打排球149)play games 做游戏150)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)151)play with snow 玩雪152)play a joke (on) 对……开玩笑(三)由其他动词构成的词组153)think over 仔细考虑154)arrive at/in a place 到达某处155)eat up 吃完，吃光156)do well in 在……干得好157)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事158)find out 发现，查出(真相等)159)finish off 吃完，喝完160)stop doing sth. 停止做某事161)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事162)hold a meting 举行会议163)hold up 举起164)hurry up 赶快，快点165)enter for 报名参加166)langht at 嘲笑167)be used to 习惯于168)used to 过去常常 169)wake…up 唤醒170)work out 算出