1.There be结构与have 的用法。
(1) There be“有”,其确切含意为“某处或某时存在某人或某物。”其结构是:Therebe +某人或某物+表示地点或时间的状语。There be后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be 动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is ,名词是复数时用are 。
(2) have表示“拥有,占有,具有”,
某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语 一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。
2. 可数名词与不可数名词。
⑴英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可以计数的名词叫可数名词,凡是不可以计数的名词叫不可数名词。可数名词有单复数两种形式,单数可数名词前可用不定冠词a / an 来修饰。复数可数名词前可用some, any,many及数词(one 除外)等来修饰。如:
a girl, an orange, some books, many boats, ⑵不可数名词一般只有单数,没有复数形式。前面可用some, any, much等来修饰,如:
some juice, much milk
⑶不可数名词前不能用不定冠词a, an,数词及many 来修饰。不可数名词表示数量时可用a cup / glass /bottle / piece / bag of…之类的短语,这些表示量的名词一般是可数的,有单复数形式,例如:
two cups of tea两杯茶
3. 英语的句子按其用途可分为:
( 1 )陈述句:用来说明事实或说话人的看法。
She doesn’t like swimming .
( 2 )疑问句:用来提出问题。分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 Is Jim in Class 2 or ( in ) Class 1 ?
She is a good girl , isn’t she ?
( 3 )祈使句:用来表示请求、命令。
Throw it like this。像这样扔。
Don’t throw it like that . 不要像那样扔。
( 4 )感叹句:用来表达强烈的感情。
What a good girl she is !
How beautiful our school is !
How old is she?她多大年纪?
How heavy is the elephant? 那头大象有多重?
How big is the lake? 这湖有多大?
How long will you stay here?你将在这呆多久?
How many students are there in your class? 你班有多少学生?
How much is the book?这本书多少钱?
How soon will they come back? 他们要到什么时候才回来?
how long与how often
how long意为“多长”, 用来询问时间的长度或物体的长度。 例如:
—How long are they going to stay there?
—他们打算在那儿呆多长时间?
—About two weeks.
—大约两个星期。
—How long were you not at school last year?
—去年你没在学校有多长时间?
—More than two weeks.
—两个多星期。
—How long is the river?
—It ‟s less than twenty kilometres.
—不到二十公里
how often意为“多长时间(一次) ”。用于询问对方在某段时间里干某事的次数, 对表示频度的副词或词组进行提问, 例如:
—How often do you go to the cinema?
—你多长时间看一次电影?
—I go to the cinema (see a film) once a month.
—我一个月看一次电影。
—How often does your friend write to you?
—你朋友多长时间(每隔多久) 给你写封信?
—He wrote to me twice a month.
他每月给我写两封信。
一般现在时
用法:一般现在时用来表示现在的状态,经常的或习惯性的动作,或主语具备的性格和能力等。 e.g. Uncle Wang is at work..
We usually stay at home on Sundays.
Tom likes noodles.
当主语是第三人称单数时,动词形式发生变化。这一变化被称为“动词的第三人称单数形式 一般现在时用法
1. 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用
时间状语:every…, at…, on Sunday,every day,once a week(每周一次),often (经常,往 往),usually (通常),always (总是),seldom (很少),sometimes (有时), 例如: (1)I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
每天早上七点我离开家去上学。 (2)He is thirteen. 他十三岁。 (3)She is at work. 她在工作。 (4)I get up at six every day. 每天我六点起床。 (5)--- How do you usually come to school?
--- I usually come to school by bike,but I walk sometimes
.---你每天怎么来学校?
---通常我骑自行车来学校,但有时走路。
(6)In the evening I often watch TV,butsometimes I read.
晚上我常常看电视,但有时我看书。
(7)I always get to school very early.
2. 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。例如:
The earth moves around the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
上海位于中国的东方。
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
What„s two and three?It‟s five.
二加三等于几?等于五。
The moon moves round the earth.
月亮围着地球转。
Light travels faster than sound.光比声速度快。
3. 表示格言或警句中。例如:
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
Actions speak louder than words.
行动胜过言辞。(格言)
4. 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如:
I don't want so much.
我不要这么多。
Mr. Wang writes good English but does notspeak well.
王先生英语写得很好但是说得不好。
She likes apples.
她喜欢苹果。
They speak English.
他们说英语。
John works very hard.
约翰工作很努力。
does 是个照妖镜,动词见他现原形
例:Tom does his homework every day.
汤姆每天都做家庭作业。
否定句: Tom doesn’t do his homework everyday. 汤姆每天都不做家庭作业。
Does Tom do his homework everyday? 一般
疑问句: 汤姆每天都做家庭作业吗?
Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t. 一. 单项选择
1. There is someon the plate.
A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears
2. Uncle Wang wantsthe machine like a bike.
A. ride B. riding C. rides D. to ride
1. 选B . be动词是is ,首先排除A 与D ,因为它们都是复数形式;如果用some 修饰potato ,就应用复数形式potatoes ,这又与前面的动词is 不符,所以只能选B.some 即可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。
2. 选D . want to do sth表示“要做某事”。Would like to do sth
3. Tom usually goes to bed ten o'clock in theevening.
A. at B. in C. on D. of
4. picture books in class,please.
A. Not read B. No read
C.3. 选A . 表示“在几点钟”,介词要用at 。
4. 选D . 祈使句的否定形式都是由don’t加动词原形构成。
Not reading D. Don't read
顺口溜:In 年in 月on 天at 时间
5. The box is too heavy. Let ________ help you tocarry it.
A. we B. us C. ours D. our
6. Hurry up, ______ we'll be late for the meeting.
A. and B. but C. then D. Or
5. 选B . 做动词let 的宾语,要用宾格形式us 。Let 是一个动词,后面要用宾格。
6. 选D . 全句意为“快点,否则我们要开会迟到了”。And 表示“和”,but 意为“但是”,then 意为“然后”,or 表示“否则”。
7. People usually ______ "hello" to each other whenthey make a phone call.
A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
8. Look! She ________ a kite for her son.
A. makes B. is making C. make D. Making
7. 选A . say强调“说的内容”,speak 表示“说(某种语言)”,tell 表示“告诉”,talk 意为“谈论”。say hello to sb表示“向某人问好”的意思。
8. 选B . 本句表示一个正在发生的动作,所以用现在进行时。
9. These shoes are yours. Please ________.
A. put on them B. put on it
C. put them on D. put it on
10. She often gets ______ very late.
A. home B. at home C. to home D. in home
9. 选C. shoes 表示一个复数的概念,后面代词也要用复数them ,而代词又不能放在动词短语的后面,所以选C.
10. 选A . 这里的home 是个副词,前面不能加to ,get home表示“到家”。
11. I think the shop is closed ________ this time of day.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
12. I want ______ of meat, please.
A. half kilo B. a half kilo
C. half a kilo D. a kilo half
11. 选C . at this time of day是个固定词组,表示“在一天的这个时候”。
12. 选C .“半公斤”的表示方法为“half a kilo”。 半小时 half an hour
13. ------Is this black ruler ________?
------ No. It's ________.
A. yours, his B. your, his
C. yours, him D. you, he
14. ________ book on the desk is a useful(重要的)one.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
13. 选A. 两个空都应使用名词性物主代词,所以A 是正确的。
14. 选C. 表示特指的“在桌上的那本书”,要用定冠词the.
15. Grandma is ill. We have to take her tothe________.
A. farm B. post office C. hotel D. hospital
16. Liu Mei often helps her mother________housework.
A. does B. do C.doing D. to doing
15. 选D . 奶奶病了,所以应把她送到医院。
16. 选B 。" 帮助某人做某事" 用help sb do sth或help sb to do sth均可。
17. We watch evening news on ________ at 7:00in the evening.
A. CCTV B. CAAC C. WTO D. MTV
18. There ________ a box of apples on the desk.
A. are B. is C. has D. Have
17. 选A . CCTV表示“中国中央电视台”,CAAC 表示“中国民航”,WTO 表示“世界贸易组织”,MTV 表示“音乐电视”。
18. 选B . 主语是a box,而不是apples ,所以谓语动词要用单数形式,而have/has不能用于therebe 句型中。
19. Would you like ________ with me?
A. go B. to go C. going D. goes
20. Sometimes his brother ________ TV after supper.
A. watch B. sees C. watches D. is watching
19. 选B . would like to do sth是固定词组,表示" 想要做某事" 。
20. 选C . 表示" 看电视" ,动词要用watch ,应使用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式,所以选C.
二. 改错,指出错误并改正:
A B C D
A B
C D
A B C D
1. 选D 。应改成by 或on my. 2. 选D . 指代前面提到的books ,所以应用复数them 。 4. He’safriendofmy father. 3. 选B ,其中的sb 必须用宾格形式,所以将our 改成us. A B C D
A B C D
6. My A B C D
" 他是我爸爸的一个朋友" ,my father也应用名词所有格的形式,所以改为4. 选D . 本题意为
my father's.
5. 选D . on one's way to school表示" 在去学校的路上" ,应改为to school。 6. 选D . 改成 well. A B C D
A B C D
7. 选A . 主语是第三人称单数,助动词应用does.
8. 选D 。" (两者中的)一个……,另一个……"应为"one…the other",
所以把D 改成the other。
9. 选A . 修饰不可数名词bread ,应用how much,而不用how many。