雅思阅读捷径:同义替换词和考点
雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换:同义词/词组替换,句型替换,语法替换。以下是剑桥真题中的考点词, 替换词, 一次多义总结:
1.rigid /stiff /unchanged /little change 僵硬的,一成不变的
2.significant /enormous /dramatic /tremendous /appreciably /remarkable /crucial /substantial 巨大的, 明显的,程度大的
3.approximately/ nearly / almost 将近
4.proportion / percentage 比例
5.be involved (in) /involve in /involvement [n.] 涉及,卷入,参与
6.given /considering , in regard to /despite /although 有鉴于, 考虑到,尽管
7.induce [v] 引入,引导,引诱/inductive [n] 归纳 (deduce/deductive推断)
8.fortune /destiny / chances
9.deplete 开采完,耗尽
exhaust –exhaust emission (尾气) 排放
exploit
10.complex 错综复杂的
Complicated / sophisticated 老奸巨滑的,复杂的
11.capacity 能力,容量
competence (竞争)能力
ability 能力(笼统的)
12. Secure-security / ensure (insure) / guarantee 押金,确保,保障
13.solely /merely / only
14.a vast array of 系列
a great variety of 花样,品种
a great rang of系列
15.pesticide 杀虫
suicide 自杀
homicide/murder杀人
16.believe/assume (responsibility)/suppose
17. authorize/commission 授权,委托,佣金
entitle 头衔 + ment =right (权利)
18. Purchase / buy
19. ethnic 种族的
ethic 伦理,道德的 + s =[n.]
20. modify / change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]
21. Insight / knowledge / learning / understanding / knowing
22.constrain 拘泥,限制
restrict 限制
limit
23. circumstance 环境(社会 )
surroundings/environment 环境( 环保 )背景
background 后台
settings 后台,布景
context 上下文( 文章中 )
24.notorious 臭名昭著的
flagrant 臭的
fragrant 香的
25. 移民:immigrant (进来)
emigrant(出去)
migrant
26. 兴旺,繁荣;prosperous
Thriving
booming (人口,行业)
flourishing
27. 神圣的:divine
Heavenly
Holy
Sacred
39. commonest/frequent
40. 未开发的,初级的:rudimentary/underdeveloped
41. 退化:degenerate/-tion[n]->
generate 生产, 制造
degrade->grade等级
deteriorate 恶化
42. 分类:category-categorize / class-classify
43. consequence后果->影响
subsequence 紧跟其后
sequence=order秩序
frequency 频率
44.clash 冲突(民族,种族)
crash 飞机坠毁
28. 有毒的:poisonous / toxic ( in-, non- 无毒的) 29. 致命的:deadly / fatal / lethal / mortal 30. 类似于:look like / resemble 31. chronic长期的, 慢性的 long-term 长期的 32. 网恋:virtual love/cyber love 33. 网友:on-line /net/cyber friend 上网(聊天)chat on line 网吧go on-line cyber café 34.evolve-evolution 进化 revolute-revolution 革命,旋转 involve-involution 卷入,涉及 35. indicator/predictor表示诠释,预测 36.indicate/demonstrate/display/exhibit/betray 37. therapist /expert/specialist 38. 优点,长处,美德:advantage/merit/virtue/length
45.substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace
46.alternative=>选择性,代替性,辅助性
47. isolate/alienate孤立
insulate 隔绝, 排外, 孤立
be alien to/insulate (-ior) 绝缘, 隔热(体)
48. Defect / flaw / failing / disadvantage / drawback 缺点,不足之处
49. 创新的,发明的,新颖的,创新的:inventive (-tion)/innovative (-tion)/creative(-tion)/ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) => [n] creative/revolutionary
·易错拼写:environment/convenient
49.neutral 中立的,中性的
negative 否定,消极,阴性的
positive 肯定, 积极, 阳性的
50.ambiguous->ambiguity/obscure模棱两可的,暧昧的
51.communicate 沟通,传达,通报
52.accommodate 1供... 食宿,2=adapt to 适应,调整,3=hold 容纳,4使…停靠
53.commitment to sth 奉献 2 责任, 义务
54.contribute to导致
result in /account for (占据) 导致
54. inadequate / insufficient / deficient / lack (of) / short (of) 缺乏的,不足的
55. emphasize/stress/highlight/focus on/concentrate on强调
apparently 显而易见的
patently 道貌岸然的
obviously =>evidently
56. (be) / skeptical / skeptical / dubious / suspicious(about/of) 对…怀疑
57. Drawback /fault /defect / imperfection / failing / weakness / shortcoming / flaw缺点,缺陷
58. notorious->notoriety / flagrant / smelly / odorous臭命昭著的
59.association / structure / organization机构,组织
60. Exceed /surpass超过
61. molten rock/lava/magma岩浆
62. linguist 语言学家
lingual 和语言有关的
bilingual 双语
63. diversity/variety/breed/species多种多样的
breed :[n]品种,[v]繁殖,培养,引起,造成
64.dialect 方言
accent 腔调
65. begin/launch/initial 开始的,初步的(-ly) [v]首字母, 开始的
initiate 开始, 发动
initiative 原创性= origin
66. poor / in poverty / impoverished( 被剥夺财产的)贫穷
67. eminence (-t)/prominence (-t)/unusual杰出
68.gene/genetic defect ~缺陷
anatomy 解剖
conceive 构思,怀孕
deliver 分娩
69. alternative 辅助性
therapist 补充性
70. deduce->deductive/inferential induce 演绎, 推理,引导,引入,归纳
induction 归纳
71. bewildering/puzzling/perplexing令人困惑的
72.apply 紧靠,涂,将…应用于,适用,专心致力于,献身于
73.subsidize 辅助
subsidy 补助,补贴
subsidiary
74.a factor in sth/depend on sth
75.be preferred by/choice
76.attitude to/how
77.the present century/modern society
78.broad/great
79.in term of 按照,在…方面,关于
with regard to, in spite of 不顾,尽管
80. small-scale 小范围
marginal 边缘处的
81. physical/medical
82. negotiation/agreement 谈判,洽谈/商定,协议
83.evolve/develop
84.apartment/accommodation 公寓/住房
85.virtual (love)/simulate 模拟的(网恋)/模拟
86.catastrophe/disaster 大灾难/灾难,不幸
87.innovate/invent 革新,创新/发明,创造
sculpture/craft 雕刻,雕塑/工艺
88.exorbitant/expensive 过度的,极高的/费用大的,昂贵的
89. be participant in/take part in /participate in
90.labour [美,澳]/work
91.attend to/take care of
92.dualemployment/dual-worker 双职工(家庭)
93.indicate/predict 指示,表明,象征/预料,预言
A major contributor to/be central to 来源,起点/是…的主要,中心原因
94.expert/therapist 专家,能手;知识丰富的/某个专科的专家
95.lead to/be associated with 相联系(带来…的好处) 96.balanced/equitable 平等的 97.handicap/disabled/primitive残疾的,落后的 98. could not-and cannot/has always been unable to by/from 99.benefit/advantage 100.substantial influence/greater likelihood 101.agree on/define 102.considered desirable/effectiveness 103.masquerade/(in) disguise 伪装 104.insignificant/didn’t seriously 不重要/不严重的 105.inspect/examine审核, 检查 106.caliber/criterion 标准 107.no-one know >
116.pay/charge sb for 向某人…猛攻,充电,负责,付费,控诉
117.separate/split 分开,使隔绝,提取/分,劈开
118.fascination/attraction(-e:[v]) 迷住,吸引住
119.not require/unnecessary 不需要/不必要
120.decode/decipher 译解(密码),解释
121.delay/drawback= disadvantage 耽误,延迟/欠缺,弊端
122.association/organization 机构,关联/组织
123.recent/current/nowadays/present 最近的/现代的/当今的/现在
124.intensive burst/explosive release 强烈的爆发/爆炸性的释放
125.recognized/identified 承认,识别,认可/识别,鉴别
126.aim to/focus on 针对,目标,打算/集中
127.link…to/lead to 连接/导致,通向
128. inadequate(diet)/deficiency(in trace minerals) 不充分,不适当的/缺乏,不足
129.basic/fundamental 基础的,基本的
130.seize/catch 捕捉,抓住
131.fatal/lethal 致命的
132.success on/running on 成功
133.costly/be related by 有关系的
134.be obtained in/be derived in 获得,流行,通用/由…产生,起源于
135.high-income/wealthy 高收入的/富裕的
136.be alike/be similar to 相同的,相似的
137.indicate/show 显示,指出,象征
138. eliminate/lessen >
139. not risen significantly/stagnate 停滞不前的 140.salary/wage 工资:总称/蓝领的 141.create/gain 创造,造成/获得,增加 efficiently/increased productivity 有效率的/上升的生产率 142.economy/financial 经济 143.administration/management 144.(be) sympathetic/understand 同情的,赞同/理解 145.introduce/involve 引入/卷入 146.change/different 147.die>
153.higher position/top post