一、
二、
三、
四、
Unit 1
1. comparative advantage 比较优势
2. mass-produce 大规模生产
3. tariff 关税
4. balance of payments 国际收支
5. raw material 原材料
6. finished products/goods 制成品
7. semi-finished products 半成品
8. futures 期货
9. primary commodity 初级产品
Unit 2
10. offer 报盘
11. counter-offer 还盘
12. FOB: free on board 装运港船上交货
13. FAS: free alongside ship 装运港船边交货
14. CIF: cost insurance and freight 成本、保险费加运费
15. customs clearance 海关清关
16. insurance policy 保险单
17. documentary collection 跟单托收
18. transportation claim 向承运人索赔
19. arbitration 仲裁
20. beneficiary 受益人
Unit 5
21. nontariff barrier 非关税壁垒
22. quotas 配额
23. MNEs: Multinational Enterprises 跨国公司
24. subsidiary 子公司
25. antidumping duty 反倾销税
26. countervailing duty 反补贴税
27. free trade 自由贸易
Unit 7
28. joint venture 合资企业
29. patent 专利
30. trademark 商标
31. capital 资产
32. coalition management 联合管理
33. parent company 母公司/总公司
34. autonomous management 自治管理
商务英语阅读 单词（5个中—英，5个英—中）10分 翻译（句子5个，英—中）30分 判断（10个） 20分 阅读理解（3篇） 30分
Unit 8
35. intellectual property 知识产权
36. tangible assets 有形资产
37. copyright 版权
38. performance appraisal 业绩评估
39. promotion 晋升/升职、推销
40. demotion 降职
41. recruitment 招聘
42. application form 申请书/申请表
43. employment agency 职业介绍所
44. merger 兼并
45. lay off 解雇
46. domestic market 国内市场
47. production line 产品线
48. intangible assets 无形资产
五、 句子翻译
1. Japan, a closed society for many centuries, was opened up for trade at the end of the 19th century.
日本在闭关锁国了许多世纪后，终于在19世纪末被迫开放门户，开展对外贸易。
2. As long as there are minor, relative differences in the efficiency of producing a commodity, even a poor country can have a comparative advantage in producing it.
只要在生产一种商品的效率方面存在较小的、相对的差异，那么甚至贫穷的国家在生产该商品时也具有相对优势。
3. On the other hand, they are reluctant to assume the financial or political obligations that this collaboration may bring.
在另一方面，他们不愿意承担这种合作可能带来的经济、政治方面的义务。
4. After shipment is made, if L/C is used, the exporter should present to the negotiating bank the documents within the time specified by L/C.
装运后，如果这笔买卖的付款方式是以L/C成交的那么出口商应当在信用证规定的时间内把单据交付给议付行。
5. If the loss or damage is due to the negligence of the carrier, the claim should be made against the carrier.
如果货物遗失或损伤是由于承运人的粗心大意，那该向承运人提出索赔。
6. letter of credit(L/C) 信用证，信用状。 信用证主要有以下几种：
documentary credit 跟单信用证
clean credit 光票信用证
revocable L/C 可撤销信用证
irrevocable L/C 不可撤销信用证
confirmed L/C 保兑信用证
unconfirmed L/C 不保兑信用证
sight payment L/C 及其付款信用证
deferred payment L/C 延期或迟期付款信用证；无承兑远期信用证
acceptance L/C 承兑信用证
negotiation L/C 议付信用证
sight L/C 即期信用证
time(usance) L/C 远期信用证
transferable L/C 可转让信用证
untransferable L/C 不可转让信用证
revolving L/C 循环信用证
reciprocal L/C 对开信用证
anticipatory L/C 预支信用证
7. The new code on technical barriers to trade requires consultation between trading partners before a standard that impedes trade is put in place. The code also requires that testing and certification procedures treat imports and domestic goods equally and that the importing country accept certification to standard in the exporting country.
技术贸易壁垒上的一项新法规，要求在一项壁垒落实之前，国与国之间应当加强协商这一法规，同时要求一国所规定的检验程序公平地对待，进口商品和本国商品，并且要求进口国接受出口国检验程序。
8. The GATT allows importing countries to protect domestic producers from unfair competition by imposing additional duties on products that have received export subsidies or are “dumped ” at low price.
关贸总协定允许进口国对那些获得出口补贴或者低价倾销，物质损失的产品强征额外税，进而保护国内制造商免受不公平竞争。
9. Historically, the GATT has prohibited import quotas except on agricultural products, as emergency measures, or when a country has short-run balance of payments problems.
过去，关税及贸易总协定规定，除农产品以外，禁止将配额作为紧急措施或在一国出现短期性国际收支问题时实行进口配额。
10. During the Tokyo round natural resource-producing were largely unsuccessful in their attempts to harmonize tariffs on a sectoral basis to increase their ability to upgrade prior to export.
在“东京回合”期间，自然资源生产国为了提高它们的产品在出口前升值的能力，曾经企图按部门协调关税，但他们的这种努力多半没有成功。
11. Interpersonal friction in the multinational management group must, therefore be regarded as a basic but normal problem of managing a joint venture enterprise. 因此，跨国公司管理层的人际摩擦应视为合资企业管理上基本正常的问题。
12. Each partner is faced with the problem of explaining and justifying to the other or others , as the case may be, its headquarters’ decisions and actions in respect to the operations of the joint venture.
情况也许会如此，每个合伙人都会遇到向对方解释和证实各自总部关于合资企业运作的决定和行动的问题。
13. A registered trademark remains valid for a period of ten years and may be renewed for one or more additional ten-year terms, as long as it is in continuous use.
注册商标十年有效，并且可以申请下一个十年继续有效条件是持续使用。
14. Although an employee’s immediate supervisor performs the appraisal, the HRM department is responsible for working with upper management to establish the policies that guide all performance appraisals.
虽然由雇员的顶头上司对其进行考核，但指导所有业绩考核的政策还是由人力资源部会同公司高层来负责定制。
15. Planning for human resources is a challenging task today, given an increasingly competitive environment, projected labor shortages, changing demographics, and pressures from government to protect both employees and the environment.
鉴于日渐激烈的竞争环境，日益突出的劳动力短缺问题，变动的人口统计数据以及来自政府的保护雇员和环境的压力，制定人力资源计划眼下成了要求很高的工作。
16. Candidates are usually located through newspaper and professional journal advertisements, employment agencies, word of mouth, and visits to college and university.
通常，通过报纸和专业期刊的广告、职业介绍所、人们的口传以及对高等院校的访问等方式来发现求职者。
17. Newcomers are introduced to their colleagues, acquainted with their responsibilities, and informed about the organization’s culture, policies, and expectations regarding employee behavior.
把新到的员工介绍给他们的同事，让他们熟悉其职责，了解公司的文化、政策及其有关对雇员的希望等。
18. Performance appraisal, which includes both informal performance appraisal and formal systematic appraisal, compares an individual’s job performance to standards or objectives developed for the individual’s position.
业绩评估包括非正式的业绩评估和正式的业绩评估两种，它将公司雇员的业绩与为雇员个人职位制定的标准和目标进行比较。
19. A booming economy might encourage expansion, which would increase the demand for employees.
迅速发展的经济可能进一步促进经济的繁荣，而经济的繁荣又增加对员工的要求。