高等院校研究生英语系列教材
综合教程（上）
INTEGRATED COURSE
Unit 4
Love and Marriage
2
Starting out—Task 1
Task 1
Work in groups to list the possible
relationships a normal human being will encounter in his lifetime. Also list the words and activities related to a certain
relationship.
e.g.
Friendship, work, peer, love, parental, marriage…Words for reference:
•Friendship:care, association, esteem,empathy, friendliness, attachment, affinity, bond, harmony, intimacy, affection; going to movies, heart-to
-heart talk, playing sports together
•Work: co-worker, managers, team leaders, business talk, business lunch, team work, promotion…
•Love: affection, attraction, romantic dating, candlelit dinner, hug, kiss, courtship…
•Parental: unconditional love, deep care
…
Task 2
Watch a part of the American movie Sleepless in Seattleand discuss with your partner how the son feels about his father and the father about the son
as well his late wife.
Click the picture
Starting out—Task 2
•Son’s feeling for his father
–Worried, care, love,
•Father’s feeling for his son
–Love, affection
•Father’s feeling for his late wife
–Love, memory
Starting out—
Task 3
Task 3
Read the following paragraph and discuss with your partner what makes a happy marriage and why.
–The Beatles sang, “All you need is love.”Your friends might tell you, “Good communication is all you really need.”Your parents advise you, “The key is to marry someone with the same values.”
–What do you think is essential for a happy marriage?
Love and Loving Relationships
Listen to a talk on and answer the following questions. Script
1) What did James Murray try to do?
To explore the rocky road of romance.
2) What was the first step James Murray take in his research?Videotaped hundreds of volunteer couples in discussion.
3) What did James Murray do with the videotapes?
Break down behavioral responses to these high-pressure discussions into recognizable groups.
4) What prediction did James Murray try to make with his findings?
Whether the marriage would last.
5) How correct was James Murray’s prediction?Ninety-four percent.
6) What is the indicator of a divorce according to the Mathematical Marriage Predictor?
“Roll your eyes and say goodbyes.”
Reading Focus–
Global Understanding
1(Paras. 1-3)
Love is essential
for human
survival.2
(Paras. 4-7)3
(Paras. 8-12)What brings people
together?What is love?
Discuss in groups to identify the missing information.
Main idea: Love is essential for human survival.
Arguments:
Part IA.___________________________________________ The family is the earliest and most important source
of love and emotional support.___________________________________________Children deprived of love have been known to B.___________________________________________develop a variety of problems.___________________________________________
C.___________________________________________Research shows the quality of care infants received
affects how they later get along with friends.___________________________________________
D.___________________________________________ Love for oneself, or self-love, is also essential for
our social and emotional development.___________________________________________
Part IE.___________________________________________Social scientists describe self-love as important for
self-esteem.___________________________________________F.___________________________________________People who don’t like themselves may not be able to ___________________________________________return love but may constantly seek love
relationships to bolster their own poor self-images.___________________________________________
Main idea: What is love?
Arguments:
elusive concept A. Love is an _____________________
Supporting evidence:
Part IIPeople give a variety of answers when asked a. ______________________________________
what love is._______________________________________
Love has many dimensions.b. _______________________________________
It can be romantic, exciting, obsessive, and c. _______________________________________
irrational, platonic, calming, altruistic, and ________________________________________
sensible.________________________________________
d. ________________________________________ It varies in degree and intensity and across
________________________________________social contexts.
B. Three elements are necessary for a love relationship:Supporting evidence:
a willingness to please and accommodate the other.a. _________________________________________ b. _________________________________________an acceptance of the other person’s faults and _________________________________________shortcomings.Part IIas much concern about the loved one’s welfare as c. _________________________________________ _________________________________________one’s own.
Love, especially longterm love, has nothing in common C. ____________________________________________ with the images of love or frenzied sex that we get from ____________________________________________Hollywood, television, and romance novels.____________________________________________Supporting evidence:“Real”love is closer to what one author called ___________________________________________“stirring-the-oatmeal love”
.___________________________________________
Main idea:
_____________________________________________What brings people together? And is there a person _____________________________________________out there that one is meant for?Arguments:
A.___________________________________________ Empirical studies show that cultural norms and Part IIIvalues, not fate, bring people together.___________________________________________
Criticism and approval teach us what is acceptable B.___________________________________________romantic behavior and with whom.___________________________________________Lust and desire are different from love—especially
C.___________________________________________romantic love.___________________________________________
D. ___________________________________________ One should not conclude that desire always ___________________________________________culminates in physical intimacy or that desire is the
same as romantic love.___________________________________________Part IIIE. __________________________________________Healthy love relationships, whether physical or not (such as love for family members), reflect a balance
__________________________________________of caring, intimacy, and commitment.___________________________________________
Task 2
Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text.(P105)
Key:
1B2 A
6 C7D3B4C5 D8 B9 C10B
Reading Focus
Critical Thinking
Reading Focus—
Critical Thinking
Step One
Read the following sentences from the text and decide whether you agree with the author. Work in groups to provide examples to
support your opinions.
1. Love—as both an emotion and a behavior—
is essential for human survival.
2. Love for oneself, or self-love, is also essential for our social and emotional
development.
3. Love is an elusive concept.
4. Love has many dimensions.
Reading Focus—
Critical Thinking
Step Two
Discuss in groups the following questions.
1. What do you think is the ideal relationship?
2. What is essential for a long-term relationship?
3. People say it’s difficult to maintain long-term
relationship nowadays. Do you agree and why?
1.Babies and children deprived oflove have known to develop a wide variety of problem—for example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neuroticand psychosomaticdifficulties—that sometimes last a lifetime. (Para. 1)
deprived of:剥夺；使丧失
e.g.He was deprived of his rights to education.
他被剥夺了受教育的权利。
impairment:the fact that a part of your body is unable to do something fully （身体机能的）受损
e.g.a hearing impairment 听力受损
neurotic:extremely worried about something in an unreasonable way 极端焦虑的；神经质的
psychosomatic:of or relating to a physical disorder or illness that is caused or seems to be influenced by emotional factors（疾病）由身心失调引起的
2.Among other things, people who like themselves are more open to criticism and less demanding of others. (Para. 3)among other things:除了别的以外，此外
e.g.1)She’s very keen on sport: among other things, she plays
tennis twice a week.
2) At the meeting they discussed, among other things, recent events in Japan.
demanding: (指人)对他人要求高的, 苛求的
e.g.Children are so demanding: they need constant attention.
3.Love has many dimensions. (Para. 5)
dimension:an aspect of a situation that influences the way that you think about the situation 方面；部分
e.g.1)There is a dimension to the problem that we have
not discussed.
2) There is a political dimension to the accusations.
4.Although love may involve passionate yearning, respect is a more important quality. (Para. 6)
yearning: n.a strong desire or feeling of wanting
something 向往，思慕，渴望
e.g.1)He had a deep yearning to return to his home town.
2) I suppose it's because I live in a crowded city that I have this yearning for open spaces.
5. Even during thepreteenyears, romantic experiences are cultured in the sense that societaland group practices and expectations shape romantic experience. (Para. 10)
preteen:of, relating to, characteristic of, or designed for preteens 13岁以下儿童的
e.g.preteen fashions 青春期前儿童时装
societal:relating to a particular society, or the way society is organized 社会的
e.g.societal changes 社会变革
societal forces 社会势力
6. Regan and Berscheid (1999) differentiate between lust, desire, and romantic love. (Para. 11)
differentiate:to see or show a difference between things= distinguish识别；看出······的差别
e.g.1) Neil is color-blind and cannot differentiate
between red and green.
2) It's sometimes hard to differentiate one sample from another.
6. Once desire diminishes, disappointed lovers may wonder where the “spark”in their relationship has gone and may reminisce regretfully (and longingly) about “the good old days”. (Para. 11)
diminish:to become less, or to make something become less （使）变小；（使）减少
e.g.Suddenly the wind diminished and the seas grew
calm again. 突然风变小了，大海又平静了下来。
reminisce:v.to recall or talk about past experiences, events, etc. 追忆往事，缅怀往事；回忆，话旧
e.g.We spent the evening reminiscing about our
university days. 我们整晚都在追忆我们的大学时光。
Exercise:Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blank, change the form when necessary.
diminish decrease reduce
has diminished1) Our water supply __________________ as a result of the drought.
decrease2) There has been a steady _____________ in population in this city.
3) The helmet law should _____________ injuries in reducemotorcycle accidents.
Task 1
Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase in the sentence. (P107)•Key
1-A2-A3-C4-B5-B
6-C7-D8-C9-A10-C
Task 2
Read the words and their explanations in the box. Choosea word to complete each of the sentencesbelow and explain its meaning. Change the form if necessary.(P107)
maintain, intimate, essential, defy, dimension, romantic
1. The two countries have always ___________ close maintained (a)relations.
2. When we’re together, all he talks about is business. I wish he were more __________.romantic (a)
3. The museum is closed while _________ repairs are essential (a)being carried out.
4. She had packed two cases with clothes, towels and other __________.essentials (c)
dimension (c)5. His coaching has added another __________ to my game.
6. We’re not on _________ terms with our neighbours.intimate (a)
7. He __________ that the money was donated for maintains (c)
international purposes.
defies (b)8. The beauty of the scene ___________ description.
intimated (d)9. He ___________ his wishes with a slight nod of his head.
10. Computers design tools that work in three dimensions (a)____________.
Reading Focus–
Vocabulary in Action
11. This was the first time that I dared to ________ defy (a)my mother.
12. The castle is set in one of England’s most romantic (b)___________ landscapes.
dimensions (b)13. I did not realize the ____________ of the problem.
maintain (d)14. Her income was barely enough to ___________ one child, let alone three.
15. He surprised me with his ___________ intimate (c)knowledge of Kierkegaard and Schopenhauer.
Reading Focus–
Vocabulary in Action
Task 3
Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary.1)prerequisite
3)respect
5)whomever
7)highly
9)suitable2)date4)important6)candidates8)essential10)sufficient
The Last Chapter
Reading More—GlobalUnderstanding
Paras. 1-3
Loving coupleParas. 4-6Fighting youth
Paras. 7-15
Change happeningParas. 16-18Loving because of
forgetting
Text Exploration
Complete the following extra with information from the text. (P113)
Key:
1) everything
2) throw
3) lost
4) marriage
5) fear6) financial7) alcohol8) taking9) where
10) explained11) anxiety12) cry13) approached14) shared15) structure
Reading More
Critical Thinking
Step One
Work together with your partner to answer the following questions based on the text you’ve just read.
1. What caused the problems in the marriage of the old couple when they were young?
2. What was the cause for the changes that occurred later when they got old?
3. If you were a marriage consultant, what suggestions would you give to couples who have the same problems as the old couple had in the passage?
Step Two
Discuss in groups the following questions.
1. Why do we need marriage today? Is it loneliness? Is it teamwork? Share with your classmates your ideas about why people get married.
2. “You do not marry someone you can live with; you marry the person you cannot live without.”Do you agree with the saying? Give your reasons.
1.Their loving reassuranceswere sweet, touching—and surprising. (Para. 3)
reassurance: something that is said or done which makes someone feel calmer and less worried or frightened about a problem
e.g. 1)Parents are looking for reassurance about their
children's safety.
2) The Administration gave repeated reassurances that there was absolutely no danger to the public.
2.He was a Republican; she an ardentDemocrat. (Para. 5)
ardent:showing strong positive feelings about an activity and determination to succeed at it
e.g.1)He's been one of the most ardent supporters of
the administration's policy.
2) an ardent baseball fan
3.There was a hope that they would change once they retired, and the furious winds did calm somewhat, but what remained steeleditself into bright, hard bitterness. (Para. 6)
furious:[only before noun] done with a lot of energy, effort, or anger 猛烈的，强烈的，激烈的
e.g.a furious storm 猛烈的暴风雨
a furious argument 激烈的争论
steel yourself: to prepare yourself to do something that you know will be unpleasant or upsetting
e.g.As she waited, she steeled herself for disappointment.
4. We’d provide the cake, the balloons, the toasts, and they’d abide byone rule: no fighting. (Para. 7)
abide by:to accept and obey a decision, rule, agreement etc, even though you may not agree with it
e.g.You have to abide by the referee's decision.
Reading More–
Vocabulary in Action
Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explains its meaning.
1.doubt
A. Whether he will continue to be successful in the doubtfuture is open to _____________.
doubtB. I __________if that was what he wanted.
C. I’m still _________ whether I should accept this job.doubtful
Reading More–
Vocabulary in Action
2. sproutsproutedA. Hundreds of mushrooms had __________ up overnight.sproutsB. Add bean ________ and cook another half minute.
3. lavishlavishA. It was one of the most _________weddings I’ve ever been to.
B. He thought he would win her by _________lavishingher with expensive gifts.
Reading More–
Vocabulary in Action
4. share
A. Sue _______ a house with three other students.sharesB. Would you like to ______ your experience with sharethe rest of the group?
C. He’d had more than his fair _______ of adventure.share
5. bet
A. I wouldn’t _____ on them winning the next betelection.
B. Bookmakers are already taking _____ on the betsoutcome.
C. Our best _____ would be to take the train.bet