初英连词
一、并列连词：
（一）连词的概念：
连词是一种虚词，不能担任一个句子成分。连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与
短语及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。
（二）并列连词的分类：
例句：Slow but sure. 要慢而稳。
She’ll be back either this week or next week. 她将在这周或下周回来。
I went and she went also. 我去了，她也去了。
（三）并列连词的用法：
1、 并列连词and和or：
①and 和or 是用得最多的并列连词，可以连接：
a. 两个并列的动词：
We were singing and dancing all evening. 整个晚上我们都在唱歌跳舞。
b. 名词、形容词等：
This apple is big and red.
Would you like fish or beef?
c. 两个并列的分句（句子）：
I said it and I meant it. 我说话算数。
②and 可连接两个分句，表示递进关系。
Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他会得寸进尺。
③or可连接分句，表示“否则”：
Don’t drive so fast or you’ll have an accident. 别开这么快，不然你会出车祸。
2、 表示意思转折的连词：but, yet:
①but和yet的用法：
The weather will be sunny but cold. 天气会晴朗但很冷。
It is strange, yet true. 这很奇怪，却是真的。
②however, still 等为副词，但可起连接作用，表示意思的转折---“但是”或“然
而”。
a. however:
His first response was to say no. Later, however, he changed his mind.
他的第一反应是不行，但后来他改变了主意。
b. still:
It’s raining; still I’d like to go. 天在下雨，但我还是要去。
③词组all the same:
She is naughty, all the same we have to laugh at her jokes.
她很调皮，但对她的恶作剧我们还是要发笑。
3、表示因果的连词：
① for可以表示“因为”，但引导的不是从句，而是并列分句，对前面情况加以
解释，常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开，这在书面语中比较多见。
The days were short, for it was now December.
白天很短，因为现在已经是十二月。
She must have gone out early, for she had not come for breakfast.
她肯定一早出去了，因为她没来吃早饭。
② so 表示结果，可译为“因此”、“所以”。
Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi.
我们的箱子很重，因此我们坐了出租车
③ therefore 为副词，也表示同样的意思---“因此”，可放句前：
He had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.他走了，于是她把钱给了我。
4、both... and 的用法
A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。
【难点】
5、就近原则：
1）neither„nor„
Neither Lucy nor Lily is a League member.
2）not only„but also„
Not only you but also he likes football.
3）either„or„
Either Jim or Peter is right.
4）not„but„
Not Jim but Peter broke the cup.
6、as well as的用法:
I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays.
我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。
【基础练习】
（一）根据句意选用and, but, or, so, while, for填空。
1. The ground is wet, _________ it rained last night.
2. It's a fine day today, _________ everyone is busy.
3. This is our first lesson, _________ I don't know all your names.
4. Take an umbrella with you, _________ you'll get wet.
5. Do you understand what I said _________ do you want me to explain it again?
6. We have classes in the morning, _________ we don't have classes in the afternoon.
7. She is a doctor _________ I am a teacher.
8. Use your head, _________ you'll find a way.
9. They went to the zoo yesterday, _________ they didn't see any animals.
10. I must go now, _________ it's getting dark.
11. Be careful, _________ you will fall off the tree.
12.—Excuse me. Do you have a table for two?
—I'm sorry, _________ there aren't any seats now. Would you mind waiting for a while?
13. Never give up, _________ you'll make it.
14. She was very thirsty, _________ she drank some water from the river.
15. You must work hard, _________ you'll fall behind.
16. The dress was very expensive, _________ I didn't buy it.
17. My uncle doesn't have much money,_________ he always enjoys himself.
18.—Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
—I'd like to, _________ I'm busy.
12、Get up early tomorrow, _________ you won't get there before seven.
（二）选择最佳答案：
( ) 1 My aunt asks whether I like a woolen sweater ______ a cotton one.
A. but B. or C. and D. not
( ) 2 Either Mary ______ Lucy told him to come to see us.
A. or B. and C. with D. nor
( ) 3 Hurry up, ______ we'll be late for the film.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
( ) 4 Be quick, ______ we'll be late.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 5 We ran to the trees, _____ we couldn't see any more monkeys.
A. but B. so C. and D. for
( ) 6 _____ Li Ping ______ Wu Fang ______ League members.
A. Neither; nor; are B. Either; nor; is
C. Both; and; are D. Neither; or; is
( ) 7 You can ______ stay at home ______ go out to play.
A. either; or B. so; that C. neither; and D. both; and
( ) 8 _____ Wei Hua ______ Ann______ very busy.
A. Both; and; is B. So; and; is
C. Either; or; is D. So; that; are
( ) 9 ______ Monday______ Tuesday is OK, I will be free then.
A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. So; that D. Both; and
( ) 10 ______ my brother_______ sister are doctors.
A. Not; but B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Either; or
( ) 11 The teacher, as well as his students_______ football.
A. like B. likes C. enjoy D. play
( ) 12 The doctor, along with these nurses_______ sent to the country.
A. are B. were C. have D. was
( ) 13 My sister, together with her classmates_______ interested in the new book.
A. are B. were C. is D. have
( ) 14 ______ she ______ I knows his telephone number, because it has been changed.
A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Not only; but also D. Neither; nor
( ) 15 _______ Jack _______ Tom watched TV yesterday evening because they were busy with their lessons.
A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Not; but D. Neither; nor
( ) 16 You may sit_______ this end_______ that end of the boat.
A. neither; nor B. both; and C. either; or D. between; and
( ) 17 None of the shoes are the right size. They are _______ too big ________ too small.
A. or; or B. either; or C. neither; nor D. both; and
( ) 18 When Lily was three, she could_______ read_______ write.
A. not; but B. not; and C. neither; nor D. either; or
( ) 19 We should learn_______ from books._______ from workers and farmers.
A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. as; as
( ) 20 We went_______ to the cinema, _______ to the park.
A. did not; / B. not; but C. either; or D. both; and
二、从属连词：
1
[说明]that, whether, if 等从属连词可引导名词从句，在句中担任主语、宾语等。
2．引导时间状语从句的连词(重点)：
when: Don’t get excited when you talk. 讲话时别激动。
while: We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。
as: He smiled as he passed. 他经过时笑了笑。
before: It will be five years before we meet again. 要五年后咱们才能再相见。
after: I’ll tell them after you leave. 我将在你走后告诉他们。
until, till: I propose waiting till the police get here. 我建议等警察来了再说。
since: How long is it since you came to London? 你到伦敦有多久了？
whenever: Whenever it is possible, they play outside. 一有机会他们就到外面玩耍。
3．引导条件状语从句的连词(重点)：
1）条件状语从句主要由if, unless, supposing(suppose)引导：
if: If it rains tomorrow , we will have to stay at home.
unless: I won’t write unless he writes first. 我不写信，除非他先给我写。
2）条件状语从句还有其他形式：(难点)
You will always have a home as long as I have anything.
只要我有家产，你就永远会有一个家。
4．引导目的状语从句的连词：（重点）
in order that:
I lent him 500 yuan in order that he can go for a holiday.
我借给他50英镑，使他能去度假。
so that:
Ask her to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them.
让她快点把信打好，以便我能签字。
5．引导结果状语从句的连词：
1）结果状语从句主要由so…that和such…that 引导：
so…that:
He was so fat that he couldn’t get though the door.
他胖得连门都过不去了。
such…that:
Jim made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet.
吉姆吵成那样，他姐姐让他安静点。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.
6．引导原因状语从句的连词：
because: Because it rained he took a taxi. 由于下雨他叫了一辆出租车。
as: As you’re sorry, I’ll forgive you. 既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你。
Since: Since you will go there, I will go too.
7．让步状语从句的连词：
although / though:
Though / Although it is not large, the room was light . 房间虽然不大，采光却很好。
even if:
They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed. 即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。
8．引导方式状语从句的连词
as: You ought to do as I tell you. 你应当照我说的做。
like: She can’t draw like her sister can. 她不能像她姐姐那样画画。
as if / as though:
He looked about as if looking for something. 他四处看了看，仿佛在找什么似的。
9．引导地点状语从句的连词：（难点）
where: I’ll drive you where you’re going. 你到哪儿我都可以开车送你去。
wherever: We’ll go wherever you say. 你说哪里我们就到哪里。
everywhere:
Everywhere he went, he was introduced as the current US champion.
不管他到哪里，人们都介绍他是当前的美国冠军。
no matter where:
Keep your mobile phone with you no matter where you are.
不管在哪里你都要带着手机。
10．引导比较状语从句的连词：
than: You sing better than I do. 你的歌唱的比我好。
as: That’s not so simple as it sounds. 那事并不像听起来那么简单。
11． 引导其他从句的连词：
1）引导主语从句和宾语的连词有that和whether, if 可以引导宾语从句：
that: She always complains that he is down on her. 她老是抱怨他看不起她。
whether: I don’t know whether you like flowers. 我不知道你喜不喜欢花。
2）that和whether 还可以引导表语从句：
that: The fact is that he doesn’t really try. 事实是他没有真正去努力。
whether: The point is whether we ought to recommend him. 问题是我们是否
应当推荐他。
【基础练习】
（一）选择所给的连词填空：
when, because, but, before, if, so….that, as….as, not…until, and, after, or, since
1. Hurry up, please! _______you’ll be late for school.
2. She ________go to bed ______ her mother came back.
3. Yesterday Jim didn’t go to see the film, ________he must go over his lessons.
4. The students were talking about the sports meeting _______ the teacher came in.
5. I was ______tired ________I couldn’t walk any more.
6. This building is _______ tall ________ that one.
7. Tom was ill yesterday, ________he still went to school as usual.
8. He asked me ______I would go there with him.
9. We have studied here ________ 1994.
10. The child had studied English for two years ________he went to middle school.
11. _______the boy finished his homework, he went to bed.
12. Study hard on your subjects, ________you’ll do well in the exam.
（二）选择最佳答案：
( )1. Liu Ming told us ____ his class were excited by the news.
A. when B. how C. that D. before
( )2. My father didn’t come back ____ he finished all the work.
A. until B. while C. if D. as soon as
( )3. More people came ____ I had expected.
A. as if B. so that C. since D. than
( )4. He can’t decide which to choose ____ there’s no difference between them.
A. but B. so C. because D. and
( )5. Life today is easier ____ it was hundreds of years ago.
A. than . as C. what D. when
( )6. ____ the teacher came into the classroom, all the children stood up.
A. Whether B. As well as C. If D. As soon as
( )7. ____ the population of a city grows, its problems also grow.
A. As B. With C. As soon D. If
( )8. The film was so moving ____ Mike wanted to see it again.
A. that B. and C. so D. where
( )9. ____ the card is lost during your stay in the hotel, please call the service center.
A. What B. Before C. Because D. If
【中等题】
（一）并列连词
1. That was a long_______ dull talk.
A. so B. and C. so that D. or 2. _______ the parents_________ their children wanted to move to the country.
A. Both, as well as B. Neither, nor
C. Either, and D. Both, also
3. He won't live in town, _____will his wife.
A. either B. neither C. also D. too
4. Charlie took the job,_______ he did it very well.
A. so B. yet C. and D. so that
5. My grandfather is in his eighties, ______he is still in good health.
A. or B. but C. so D. for
6. — It's nothing serious. Just stay in bed for one or two days. ______ take it easy. — All right.
A. Still B. And C. But also D. But
7. Think it over_________ you will find a way.
A. or B. so C. and D. that
8. Cooper can _____speak Chinese________ read and write it.
A. not only, but also B. both, also
C. not only, and still D. either, and
9. I would like to go swimming, ______he won't.
A. and B. for C. nor D. but
10. Don't stand at the door. ________come in_________ go out.
A. Both, and B. Either, or
C. Not only, but also D. So, or
11. Don't frighten the horse,_________ it will kick you.
A. and B. since C. for D. or
12. We must set out earlier than yesterday,_________ we will travel eighty miles today.
A. for B. and C. though D. when
13. It must be late,._______ all the shops have closed.
A. because B. and C. so D. for
14. The road was narrow,_______ he drove as carefully _______ he could.
A. so, as B. as, as
C. and, when D. but, as soon as
15. You aren't listening,_________ I'll shut up.
A. but B. when C. so D. or
16. The boy has made many mistakes; ______, you are his teacher, ______you should help him.
A. though, so B. still, and C. for, so D. still, yet
17. I can't buy a new computer until next month,_________ I'll have to use this old one now.
A. so B. while C. since D. but
18. The washing machine is quite, old;_________, it works well.
A. still B. so C. so that D. for
19. You must work harder,_________ you'll be put into another class.
A. before B. or C. and D. so that
20. The front door was locked,_________ I went round to the back door.
A. so B. but C. or D. for
21. In that part of the desert we couldn't see_________ plant_________ animals.
A. neither, nor B. either, or
C. both, and D. no, also
22. There is air all around us, we can't see it.
A. so B. for C. but D. nor
23. You may sit at this end. you may sit at that end.
A. For B. And C. Or D. So
24. They were very bored, ______they still listened to him.
A. so B. or C. for D. but
25. English is spoken in Britain and the United Stales by people outside Britain and the United States.
A. not only, but also B. neither, nor
C. either, as well as D. both, as well as
（二）从属连词 1. I asked him _________dog it was.
A. whose B. which C. who's D. where
2. They go to concerts of modem music_________ they really like it.
A. because B. if C. though D. after
3. Find out_________ they are going this evening and ask_________ may join them.
A. whether, that B. where, whether
C. what, if D. where, why
4. His talk was_________ dull_________ we all got bored.
A. as, as B. very, that
C. so. as D. so, that
5. Mother asked Charlie_________ lie had stayed out so late.
A. how B. why C. when D. where
6. My daughter bought a new ring, but she didn't want to tell me_________ it really cost.
A. how often B. how many
C. how much D. how long
7. Can you tell me_________ the time is.
A. what B. how much C. how long D. which
8. Do you think_________ the new cartoon will be shown on TV next week?
A. whether B. that C. when D. where
9. Tell me_________ of these coats you prefer.
A. what B. that C. which D. who
10. — Do you always go to work on foot?
— Not always._________ it rains, I usually go to work by bus.
A. When B. While C. As D. Whether
11. The thief was caught_________ he was leaving the store.
A. as B. after C. before D. until
12. We learned a little Japanese_________ we were in Japan.
A. as B. since C. till D. while
13. you won't help me, I must do the exercise myself.
A. For B. Now that C. So that D. While
14. The singer tried his best he might win the prize.
A. so that B. as C. till D. if
15. It's not cold today
A. so, that B. so, as C. very, as D. as, than
16. I left for home A. until B. after C. while D. so
17. We all stood on the chairs _______we could see the actors clearly.
A. because B. before C. after D. so that
18. I'm glad that you will come, but tell me ________you will arrive.
A. after B. before C. when D. if
19. He has made great progress in his studies, but he's working even harder ______all of us.
A. than B. as C. like D. of
20. ______ he wasn't interested in music, he came to the concert.
A. Since B. Though C. When D. As
21. ________Tom was doing his homework, Jim was sleeping.
A. While B. For C. When D. Since
22. ______you understand this rule, you won't have any trouble in doing these exercises.
A. While B. Until C. As soon as D. Whether
23. ________we fail again, we will have to give up the plan.
A. Since B. Whether C. If D. Till
24. I will tell him all about it ________he gets here.
A. as soon as B. since C. until D. though
25. I still listened to him ________I was very angry with him.
A. because B. though C. if D. when
26. We have been good friendswe met each other nine years ago.
A. since B. when C. after D. before
27. He went on doing his job _______he was asked to stop.
A. while B. since C. till D. after
28. I wonder ________we will have any new subjects next term.
A. that B. when C. whether D. why
29. She will have to do the cooking herself ________her mother doesn't come home before six.
A. when B. if C. till D. since
30. I handed in my test paper, I knew I had made a mistake in the last problem.
A. As B. Since C. While D. As soon as
31. It was still dark ________I got up about six that morning.
A. while B. when C. till D. though
32. He didn't leave ________all the others left the burning house.
A. until B. as C. since D. so
33. That piano is so heavy________ I can't move it alone.
A. then B. as C. that D. so
34. I'll have dinner in that restaurant________ I go to Australia again.
A. while B. so that C. until D. if
35. I will call a class meeting________ I can hear everyone's new idea about the New Year's party.
A. so that B. that C. which D. for
36. I was sleeping in my bedroom ________I was woken up by a loud noise.
A. when B. where C. then D. till
37. ______the afternoon lessons began, the teacher was surprised to find Li Li was not there.
A. As soon as B. Until C. As D. Now that
38. _____ Miss Yang graded all the papers, she found ten pupils had failed.
A. Till B. After C. If D. As
39. _________every one of you has got the book, I won't read the text again.
A. While B. Though C. Now that D. Before
40. We have reduced our working hours_________ it is too hot.
A. when B. if C. that D. as
参考答案： 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. A
15. B 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. A
22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. C
29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A
36. A 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
【提高题】
（一）用适当的连词填空：
1、She tried hard ___________ she failed.
2、Be quick, _________he’ll be angry.
3、You may _________ do it yourself _______ leave it to me.
4、He could read English ________Japanese well.
5、He didn’t know anything about that ________ he couldn’t tell you.
6、________ you ________ he was here yesterday. They were at the cinema.
7、You can _______eat it at home ________ in the open air. Either is OK.
8、Use your head, _______ you’ll have a way.
9、She’s _______ our teacher _______ our friend.
10、Write to me soon, _______I’ll know a lot about you.
11、He was ill, _________he was taken to the hospital.
12、She finished the work quite quickly, ________didn’t do it very well.
13、You may have ______ a cup of tea _______ a glass of water.
14、Have a rest and take this medicine, _________ you will be worse.
15、This shirt is _______ too big ________ to small for me.
16、We should be friendly to ________ the girls __________ the boys.
17、He was rather tired, _______ he kept on working.
18、I don’t know him, _______ do I know where he comes from.
19、She must come from Scotland, _______ only the Scotch talk in that way.
20、She is ________ an artist ________ a scientist.
（二）用适当的连词将下列句子合并起来：
1. Mrs. Smith talked to Allan. Allan studied even harder.
_________________________________________________________
2. I was late for the meeting. I missed the 7:00 bus.
_________________________________________________________
3. The Englishman was trying hard. The German gave up.
_________________________________________________________
4. The students still had their sports meeting. It was raining
_________________________________________________________
5. You have time tomorrow. We’ll wait for you at the school-gate.
_________________________________________________________
6. They have known each other. They were very young.
_________________________________________________________
7. I saw a wallet on the ground. I was walking in the street.
_________________________________________________________
8. They tried to work out the difficult problem by themselves. They asked the teacher.
_________________________________________________________
9. I will believe it. I see it with my own eyes.
_________________________________________________________
10. We’ll help you. You’re in trouble.
________________________________________________________
中考真题：
上海中考真题：
1、 Peter was late for the meeting______ he missed the ferry.(07)
A.though B.because C.while D.if
2、A good friend always gives you a helping hand______ you’re in trouble.(06)
A.when B.before C.until D.though
3、Some passengers were walking through one of the big halls at Paris’Charles De Gaulle Airport______ the whole roof(屋顶) fell down.(04)
A.while B.as soon as C.when D.after
4、You will be able to get good marks______.(03)
A.while you are doing your homework by yourself
B.if you do some revision every day
C.before you begin to study hard
D.until you follow your teacher’s advice
5、Bob spends a lot of money on books______ he is not rich.(02)
A.if B.though C.when D.because
6、We should leave early tomorrow morning, ______ we won’t get there on time. （08）
A) so
A) if B) or C) but D) and D) unless 7、Bill won’t make any progress______ he studies harder than before. （08） B) when C) because
8、_________John failed to climb to the top of the mountain several times, he didn’t give up.（09）
A)Although B)Because C)Whether D)Unless
9、Keep an English diary, _______your English will improve.（09）
A)or B)since C)when D)and
10、We will have no water to drink __________we don't protect the earth.
A) until B) before C) though D) if
11、 Money is important. ________it can't buy everything.
A) for B)but C)or D) so
全国各地中考真题：
1.---Hurry up. The bus is coming.
A. after B. since C.while D. until
2. I will never forget that terrible accident ______ it happened so long ago.
A. only if B even though C. only when D. ever since
3. You won't pass your exams ______ you work harder.
A. when B. if C.unless D. after
4. He met many problems________he was going over his lessons
A. before B. as soon as C.since D. while
5. Hurry up, Jack. We have to get to the station before 11: 45______ we can catch the 12:00 train.
A.since B.after C.as soon as D.so that
6. I tried to call you_________I heard from him, but you were not in.
A. since B. while C.until D. as soon as
7. I was late for class yesterday________there was something wrong with my bike.
A. when B.that C. until D. because
8. ________they are brothers, they don't look like each other at all.
A. Because B. Though C. When D. As
9. ---this dress was last year’s style.
---I think it still looks perfect______it has gone out this year.
A.so that B.even though C.as if D.ever since
10. She bought a digital camera online______she saved a lot of money.
A.so that B.as soon as C.no matter D.such that
11.Yesterday I was just to go out______someone telephoned me.
A.when B.while C.as D.that