一、名词解释（3ˊ×5=15ˊ）
考试形式：根据中文解释写英文词组
复习内容：第1、8课单词表中的词组
市政府 municipal government
行政事务 administrative affairs
财政预算 financial budget
落后于 lag behind
自然灾害 natural disaster
国内事务 civil affairs
居民登记 domicile registration
在线事务办理 Handling Affairs Online
经济部门 financial sector
住宅抵押贷款 housing mortgage loan
税后收入，可支配收入 disposable income
国有企业 state-owned enterprises
财政收入 fiscal revenue
预算外资金 extra-budgetary funds
未授权的花费 unauthorized spending
国库券 treasury bond
股票市场 stock market
连续的财政激励 consecutive fiscal stimulus
折扣率 rebate rate
二、判断（2ˊ×5=10ˊ）
考试形式：判断对错(T or F)
三、阅读（3ˊ×10=30ˊ）
考试形式：根据材料原文进行简答，尽量多写多答。
复习内容：
1、第8课 Macroeconomic Assessment 宏观经济评估
GDP growth in People’s Republic of China (PRC) accelerated to 8.0% in 2002 from 7.3% in 2001, moving higher than 7.8% average of the previous 5 years. This is higher than expected figure resulted from exports performing better than anticipated, surging foreign direct investment (FDI), and buoyant domestic demand. Expansionary fiscal and monetary policies also played a role.
中国的GDP 增速从2001年的7.3%快速增长到2002年的8%，快于过去五年7.8%的平均水平。比预期的数字快是由于出口表现好于预期，外国直接投资（FDI ）的涌入，以及国内需求高涨。扩张性的财政、货币政策也起到一定的作用。
Industry (including construction) was the key engine of economic growth, with value added accelerating to 9.9% in 2002 from 8.7% in 2001. Electronic equipment, transportation equipment, and chemical products all did well. A
surge in FDI and export growth resulted in the value added of the
foreign-funded enterprises increasing by 13.3%. Supported mainly by growth in transportation, telecommunications, and real estate, the services sector expanded by 7.3% in 2002 (though because of weaknesses in the statistical system, growth in this sector is probably underestimated). Despite a spring drought, agriculture sector performance improved slightly compared with the previous 2 years, Grain output, which dropped by 2.1% in 2001, rose by 1%.
工业（包含建筑业）是经济增长的重要发动机，增加值增速从2001年的8.7%快速增长到2002年的9.9%。电子设备、运输设备、化学产品发展得都很好。FDI 的涌入和出口的增长导致外资企业增加值增长了13.3%。主要受交通运输业，电讯业，房地产业的增长支持，服务业部门在2002年增长了7.3%（由于统计制度的缺陷，这一部门的增速很可能被低估）。尽管受到春旱影响，农业部门的表现较过去两年稍有改善。谷物出口在2001年度下降了2.1%，今年上涨了1%。
A surge in fixed asset investment, which grew by 16.1%, stimulated
domestic demand. Private investment rose by 15.7% in the year, faster than in 2001. Across sectors, investment in real estate was particularly strong,
registering a 21.9% increase in 2002, as housing reforms and more housing mortgage loans led to buoyant property market. Supported by the
Government’s Western Region Development Strategy, investment in that
region grew by 20.6%, faster than in the central (20.0%) and eastern (16.2%) regions.
激增的固定资产投资，较去年同期增长了16.1%，刺激了国内需求。私人资本投资年内增长了15.7%，快于2001年。跨行业部门，房地产业的投资尤其强劲，2002年创造了21.9%的增长记录，因为住房改革和更多的住房抵押贷款带动了房地产市场的上扬。受政府西部地区大开发战略的支持，西部地区投资增长了20.6%，快于中部地区的20%和东部地区的16.2%。
Domestic consumption strengthened by 8.8%. The steady growth in
domestic spending was mainly driven by urban households, which spent 10% more than in the previous year. Rural residents’ spending registered a 6.8% increase, reflecting the continued widening of urban-rural income disparities. Per capita urban disposable income grew by 13.4% in real terms to exceed CNY7700 ($928), while per capita real rural cash income increased by only
4.8% to reach CNY2476 ($298). The rapid increase in urban incomes triggered a purchasing boom for private cars, telecommunications equipment and houses. In 2002, car imports increased by 77% and sales of
telecommunications equipment and houses grew by 69% and 39%,
respectively.
国内消费增长了8.8%。国内消费的平稳增长主要是由城镇居民拉动的，他们比去年多支出了10%。农村居民消费增长了6.8%，反映了城乡居民收入差距在不断扩大。城镇居民人均可支配收入增长了13.4%，实际达到7700元（928
美元），而农村居民人均可支配的现金收入仅增长了4.8%，达2476元（298美元）。城镇居民收入的速增长引发了对私人汽车、通讯设备和住房的购买高潮。2002年，汽车进口增长了77%，通讯设备和住房分别增长了69%和39%。
As economic restructuring continued, employment in the state-owned sector and urban collectives continued decreasing. The number of employees in the state-owned sector fell by 4.6 million in 2001 and by the end of 2002 had fallen by a further 4.8 million. Excluding smaller private and informal sector activities, employment in the non-state-owned sector increased by 3.0 million in 2002. Based on official statistics, which underestimate the problem, the urban registered unemployment rate rose from 3.6% in 2001 to 4% in 2002. If workers at state-owned enterprises (SOEs) who had not been reemployed were included, the adjusted unemployment rate would have been more than 7%. The development of an urban social safety net and reform of social security are needed to ameliorate the social costs of the economic reform program.
随着经济结构继续调整，国有企业和城镇集体企业的就业形势持续下滑。国有企业雇员数量2001年减少了460万人，到2002年底又进一步减少了480万人。除去较小规模的私人或非正式的企业行为，2002年非国有企业的雇员增长了300万人。据官方数据，城镇登记失业率从2001年的3.6%增长到2002年的4%，官方数据很可能低估了这个问题。如果将国有企业的下岗职工包含在内，调整后的失业率将会超过7%。要降低经济改革计划的社会成本，就需要不断发展城市社会保障体系和社会保障改革。
2、P117 Three Big Questions in Public Management 公共管理的三大问题
Does the field of public management have 23 big questions in the next century? Some scholars may argue that there are fewer truly big questions; some may think there are more. Here are my nominations for three big questions (concerning the fundamental management dilemmas of
micromanagement, motivation, and measurement) that certainly belong in the top ten.
在下个世纪，公共管理领域是否会出现23个大问题？ 有些学者可能会认为真正的大问题没有那么多；还有一些学者则认为大问题的数量还要更多。在此，我要提出该领域的三大问题（涉及微观管理、激励和评估的一些基本的两难困境），这些问题无疑属于该领域的十大问题之列。
1、Micromanagement: How can public managers break the
micromanagement cycle-an excess of procedural rules, which prevents public agencies from producing results, which leads to more procedural rules, which leads to „？
微观管理：公共管理者如何才能打破微观管理的循环——过多的程序规则阻碍了公共管理者创造成果，而这又催生了更多的规则，这还会导致„„
2、Motivation: How can public managers motivate people (public
employees as well as those outside the formal authority of government) to
work energetically and intelligently towards achieving public purpose?
激励：公共管理者如何才能激励人们（公共部门的雇员以及政府权威部门之外的人们）更加努力地工作，更加充分地发挥其智慧，从而实现那些公共目标？
3、Measurement: How can public managers measure the achievements of their agencies in ways that help to increase those achievements?
评估：公共管理者如何才能对公共机构的业绩加以评估，以使这种评估更有助于其提高业绩？
All three of these questions are management questions, prescriptive
questions. Each asks “ How can public managers „? ” Each question asks how public managers might accomplish something- how they might, best deal with a fundamental dilemma that confronts most (if not all) public managers. Each question is based on the assumption that the job of the public manager and public-management scholars is not only to understand the behavior of public agencies but also to improve the performance of these agencies. There are other, social-science versions of these questions that are descriptive (e.g. What motivates people?) that may help answer these management
questions. Nevertheless, these three big questions are consciously
prescriptive. The purpose, for example, is not merely to study motivation but to understand how our existing knowledge about what motivates. People combined with new insights can actually be used by public managers to improve government performance.
这三个问题都是管理的问题，是规范性的问题。每个问题的模式都是“公共管理者如何才能„„”，问的都是公共管理者如何才完成某项工作——他们如何才能应对那些大多数公共管理者都会面对的基本的两难困境。每个问题依据的都是这样的假定，即公共管理者以及公共管理学者的工作不仅是要理解公共部门的行为，而且要改进这些部门的绩效。还有其他关于这些问题的社会科学版本，它们是描述性的（例如，用什么来激励人们）。这也有助于回答这些管理方面的问题。举例来说，我们不仅要研究激励，还要了解我们关于激励的那些现有的知识中哪些在起作用，以及它们是如何起作用的。事实上，公共管理者可以通过那些具有新的观察力的人们来改进政府绩效。
If public-management scholars could answer these three questions, they would make a significant contribution to the ability of the managers to get their public agencies to produce results. Indeed, they would also make a significant contribution to produce these results.
如果公共管理学者能够给出这三个问题的答案，他们就将在帮助公共管理者提高其能力以使公共机构能够创造更多的成果方面作出重要的贡献。事实上，他们也将在创造这些成果方面作出重要的贡献。
四、翻译（5ˊ×5=25ˊ）
考试形式：英译汉
复习内容：
1、第8课 Policy Development标题下第二段 P37
To promote the development of an integrated national market and fair
competition between enterprises in different regions, the government changed the methodology of income tax sharing between the central and local governments.
为促进国内市场一体化的发展以及不同地区企业间公平竞争，政府改变了中央和地方政府对所得税的分配方法。
From January 1, 2002, corporate income tax revenues were no longer divided according to the jurisdiction of the enterprise.
从2002年1月1日起，公司所得税收入不再根据企业的管辖划分。
Except for several special industries, most of the corporate income tax and all personal income tax revenue were shared between the central and local authorities at a fixed ratio.
除了几个特殊行业，绝大部分公司所得税和所有的个人所得税收入都是由中央和地方政府按照固定比例进行分配的。
The central government used the income tax increase resulting from the reform for transfer payments from the central budget to local authorities, especially those in the central and western regions.
中央政府将由于改革而产生的所得税增量用于从中央预算到地方政府的转移支付，特别是针对中西部地区。
Government procurement procedures were also strengthened.
政府采购程序也得到了加强。
2、第8课 Outlook for 2003-2004标题下最后一段 P40
To counter these risks, the government needs to institute regulatory reform and information disclosure mechanisms in the financial sector conforming to international standards.
为规避这些风险，政府需要按照国际标准制定金融部门的管制改革和信息披露机制。
Other measures required in a sequenced approach to liberalizing the financial sector include resolving NPLs; diversifying ownership of financial institutions; giving more autonomy to PBC and financial regulatory agencies; liberalizing interest rates; allowing foreign participation and the development of private banks; opening the capital account in phases after strengthening domestic institutions; and establishing a sound, flexible, and resilient exchange rate regime.
还需要一系列有序的方法措施来放宽金融部门的限制，包括：解决不良贷款，金融机构产权多样化，给予中国人民银行和金融管理机构更多的自主权，放开利率，允许外资的进入及民营银行的发展，在加强国内机构后、分阶段逐步放开资本账户，建立完善的、灵活的、有弹性的汇率机制。
3、第8课 Outlook for 2003-2004标题下第7段 P39
Income inequality within regions, the gap between rural and urban areas, as well as disparities between the eastern region and western region (where most
of the poor live) have all widened.
地区间收入不平等，城乡地区的差距，以及东西部地区间的悬殊（西部地区居住着更多穷人）全都被拉大了。
Addressing the issues of poverty and inequality is essential to maintain broad-based public support for the country’s reform program.
解决贫困和不平等的问题对维持公众广泛支持的国家改革事业至关重要。 More jobs need to be created for the poor and economic growth promoted in rural areas and in interior provinces.
需要为穷人创造更多的就业机会并且需要促进农村地区和内陆省份的经济增长。 This calls for strengthening policies and institutions, developing infrastructure, addressing land degradation, and supporting human resources development. 这就需要加强政策和制度建设，发展基础设施，治理土地退化，支持人力资源开发。
Other measures required include strengthening social safety nets and the social security system, initially in urban areas and gradually in rural areas; improving poverty reduction programs with better targeting; encouraging poor people to participate in decisions that affect them; and undertaking pro-poor fiscal reform, particularly at the provincial and sub-provincial levels.
需要采取其他一些措施包括：加强社会安全网络和社会保障体系，要从城市地区开始逐步扩展到农村地区，以较好的预期目标来改进扶贫项目，鼓励穷人参与关系他们切身利益的决策，尤其是在省级和省级以下的层次上，实施重视贫困的财政改革。
4、第5课 Transcendent Community标题下第2段 P26
Communities are an indelible component of the human condition, not relative to a particular historical era, place, or time.
社区是人类生活环境不可或缺的组成部分，并不随着特定的历史时代、地点或时间而转移。
Neither are communities unique to one race, national, nor cultural group. 社区并不特别专属于某一个种族、民族，抑或是文化组织。
Community transcends history and cannot be contained by mere history. 社区超越了历史，但并不仅局限于具体的历史阶段。
Deeply rooted in our nature, community may be said to be a universal human phenomenon, not contingent on circumstances.
由于人类的天性使然, ，社区可以说是一种人类的普遍现象，并非伴随某条件发生的偶然现象。
5、第1课 “Supermarket" of administrative Affairs标题下第5段 P6
Since district government powers have been transferred to the “supermarket ”, the service items are wider than those formerly offered by the residential
community, such as the approval of small loans to help the poor and victims of natural disasters; handling applications for subsidies if their living standards is below the poverty line; granting licenses to small restaurants; leasing
newspaper booths and registering the unemployed.
自从地方政府行政权力转移到“超市”，服务项目较先前居委会多提供的范围更宽了，例如帮助贫困户和自然灾害受害者的小额贷款审批事项，受理贫困线以下居民递交的补助申请，小餐馆经营许可证的核发，报亭租赁和失业登记。
Apart from these services, the “supermarket ” has also set up a training room, a law consultation room and a suggestion box, as well as a telephone hotline to answer questions. In addition, government leaders regularly visit the “supermarket ” to interact with the public in person.
除了这些服务，“超市”还成立了一个培训室，一个法律咨询室和建议箱，同时还提供一部回答问题的热线电话。另外，政府领导定期到“超市”同公众进行面对面交流。
五、写作（20ˊ）
考试形式：二题选做一题，要求120词左右。
复习内容：
1、政务公开是公民的基本权利，也是政府的基本义务
2、社区无法由个人单独完成