定语从句 Attributive Clause之关系副词篇
教学目标：掌握由关系副词引导的定语从句
教学重点：定语从句中的关系副词why, when, where
教学难点：关系词的选择
教学过程
STEP ONE Lead in
Dream→Westlife → My Love → “Find a place I love the most”
STEP TWO New Lesson
一、 定语从句相关基础知识
1. 定语从句
2. 定语从句结构：主句(先行词)+关系词+从句
3. 先行词
4. 关系词/引导词：连接/引导；做成分
5. 关系词分类：
关系代词 (that，which，who, whom, whose) →
← 从句中做主，宾，表，宾补；
关系副词（why, when, where） →
←从句中做状语
二、定语从句之关系副词
1. 关系副词why
1) 在从句中做原因状语，修饰从句谓语动词；先行词必须是表示原因的名词，常用的就两个reason, cause
e.g.（1）This is the reason why I didn’t come here.
2）why作关系词引导定语从句，先行词一定是reason/cause;但reason/cause是先行词时，关系词不一定就是why，可能是that/which
e.g. ①The reason ________ he gave me was unknown.
②The reason ________ he didn’t attend the meeting was unknown.
3）如何选择关系词
解题路径：区分关系代词和关系副词，分析从句中的成分，判断关系词在从句中充当的成分，从而判断是关系代词还是关系副词
a. 通过翻译找准先行词
b. 判断从句中的谓语动词是否及物。及物动词没有带宾语，说明关系词在从句中做宾语，因此是关系代词（注意spend，visit是及物动词，give后可接双宾语，talk 是不及物动词）
4）why引导的定语从句时，先行词可省略
因此例句（1）可以改为：This is why I didn’t come here.
小结：why引导的定语从句比较简单，记住reason和cause
2. 关系副词when
1) 在从句中做时间状语，修饰从句谓语动词；先行词必须是表示时间的名词，常用的例如hour, day, year, time等
e.g. (2) I never forget the day when we first met in the park.
2) 先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定是when
e.g. ① The days ______ we spent in London is unforgettable.
② The days ______ we stayed in London is unforgettable.
小结：关系词when的用法，先行词是否为时间名词，分析从句句子成分。从句缺少时间状语用when, 缺少其他成分用that等
即 先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定是when
关系词是when，先行词一定是时间名词
3.关系副词where
1) 在从句中做地点状语，修饰从句谓语动词；先行词通常是表示地点的名词，常用的例如house, factory, palce等
e.g. (3) I get out of the house where I was born.
2) 先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定是where
e.g. ① This is the town ______ I spent my childhood.
② This is the town ______ I told you about.
判断方法任然是看关系词在定语中充当的成分
3）where引导定语从句，先行词可能是隐含地点意义的抽象名词
必须（舍我其谁）vs通常(还有例外)
换句话说，where引导的定语从句，先行词不一定是表示地点的名词，但是这类名词隐含地点意义，通常是抽象名词，例如dream, case, point, stage, situation, occasion, business等
e.g. ① He has reached the point(地步/程度) ______ a change is needed.(that/which/where/who)
② Can you think out a situation (情况/情形)_____ this phrase can be used. 小结：a.确认关系词在从句中是否作状语，再确认先行词是否为地点名词 b.谨记where引导的定语从句中可能出现“离谱”的先行词
先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定是where
关系词是where，先行词也不一定是地点名词
三个关系副词中where用法最复杂
4. 关系副词有how吗？
how 不可以作为表示方式的关系副词，在英语中若要表示方式，用以下四种句型
1）the way +从句
2）the way that +从句
3）the way in which +从句
4）the manner that +从句
e.g. (4) I don’t like ______ you speak to her.
A the way B the way in that C the way which D the way of which
STEP THREE Exercise
① The factory_______ we visited last week was built in 2001.
② The factory_______ my father was working was built in 2001.
③ It’s helpful to put children into a situation_______ they can see themselves differently.
高考真题09福建
A that B when C which D where
造句
要求:定语从句中至少再包含另外一个定语从句
e. g. I’ll never forget the day when we first met in the park where is full of pandas whose eyes are black that is my sister’s favorite.