热点考向 1 提纲作文
【写作策略】
1. 命题特点
(1)命题常以短文提示、要点提示和表格提示三种形式呈现。
(2)考查形式以书信(电子邮件)、通知、日记、报道等为主, 但体裁多变, 记叙文、议论文、应用文都会牵涉到, 且题材多贴近学生生活。
(3)写作内容以提纲的形式分割成独立的信息块, 所给的提纲既是独立的要点, 又体现了文章的层次, 是全文写作的思路。
2. 解题关键
(1)认真审题和分析所给的提纲, 认清题目和提纲之间的关系, 然后确定文章的主题、内容以及文体。
(2)每一个提纲可以作为文章的一个段落层次, 段落的展开围绕提纲的中心内容, 不能偏离, 也不能任意增减。
(3)提纲只是对文章的提示和概括, 不是主题句。这需要根据提纲的性质, 写出完整的、体现提纲主旨的句子, 使之成为主题句。然后围绕主题句进行扩展。
(4)收集材料支持主题句。材料可以是事实、例证、亲身经历、名人名言、谚语警句等。应当注意的是, 所选材料要与文章的主题相符, 即要“扣题”。同时要具有典型性, 能充分说明问题。在有多个例证的段落中, 还要注意各个例证之间的连贯性。
3. 写作素材
1)常用句式
(1)开头常用句式
①We had a heated discussion about/on. . .
②With the development of. . .
③At present, there is a widespread concern that. . .
④Modern technology has many advantages.
⑤I’m very glad to have the chance to speak here.
⑥It is often said that. . .
(2)衔接常用句式
①The main reason why. . . is that. . .
②The reasons are as follows.
③Take. . . for example.
④Besides, we should not neglect that. . .
⑤Wonderful as. . . is, however, it has its own disadvantages as well.
⑥As far as I’m concerned, I’m in favor of the first/second view.
(3)结尾常用句式
①Taking all these into account/consideration, we may safely reach the conclusion that. . .
②So we must take measures to. . .
2)黄金模板(分析原因, 提出建议型)
that Why have there been so many Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.
The first one is that . Besides, . The third reason is .
It is high time that something should be done upon it. On the one hand, 决建议一. On the other hand, 解决建议二. All these measures will certainly reduce
【高考现场】
(2013·四川高考)
某中学生英文报近期开辟专栏, 讨论学习习惯问题。请你结合自身学习实际, 按以下提示, 用英文为该专栏写一篇稿件。
1. 说明学习习惯与学习效果之间的关系;
2. 介绍一种好的学习习惯并提出养成该习惯的建议;
3. 描述自己在学习习惯方面存在的某个问题并给出改进措施。 注意:
1. 词数120个左右, 开头语已为你写好;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。
It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.
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【审题】
【炼句】
1. 有一个谚语“好的习惯会带来好的结果。”这句话表明了习
惯的重要性。
a: (一般表达)There’s a famous saying that good habits lead to good endings. This saying shows the importance of habits.
b: (用定语从句连接两句话)As a famous saying goes, goodhabits lead to good endings, which shows the importance ofhabits.
2. 养成一个好的习惯很重要。我非常愿意介绍一种好的学习
习惯。
a: (一般表达)Cultivating a good habit is very important. And I would like to introduce one kind of good learninghabit.
b: (用so. . . that. . . 合并句子)Cultivating a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit.
【成篇】
It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. As a famous saying goes, good habits lead to good endings, which shows the importance of habits. The proverb“An apple a day keeps the doctor away. ”also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. In the same way, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results including high scores and abundant knowledge.
As middle school students, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes towards the content of our learning. Obviously, a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, cultivating a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit—keeping a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by writing learning summary and recording something impressive and meaningful. Keep it in mind, and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.
To be honest, I also find that I still have some bad learning habits. For example, I can just concentrate on reading for a short time. It does no good to study. So I will conquer this problem by making more effort on concentration practice.
I believe that through constant efforts, good learning habits will lead me to greater success.
【阅卷专家如是说】
文章要点齐全, 写作层次清楚。全文句式多变, 灵活运用祈使句、并列句、定语从句等, 长短句结合得准确自然。语言流畅, 一气呵成。还运用了谚语、cultivate等高级词汇, 体现了扎实而丰富的语言功底。
【跟踪演练】
最近, 北京、武汉等多所大学、中学校运动会取消女子 3 000米、男子5 000米长跑项目, 同学们对此各抒己见。请你以Whether long-distance running should be cancelled为题, 向一家英文报社投稿, 并谈谈你的看法。
注意: 1. 词数: 120个左右(开头已为你写好, 不计入总词数);
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Whether long-distance running should be cancelled
Recently, many schools in cities such as Beijing and Wuhan have cancelled
the women's 3000-meter race and the men's 5000-meter race at their sports meets due to students’ poor physical condition. It aroused heated debate about young students’ health.
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【参考范文】
Whether long-distance running should be cancelled
Recently, many schools in cities such as Beijing and Wuhan have cancelled the women’s 3000-meter race and the men’s 5000-meter race at their sports meets due to students’ poor physical condition. It aroused heated debate about young students'health.
Some students think that schools should not cancel long-distance running because it can build up our bodies, keep us away from illness and relax our brains. We can learn better after exercise. More importantly, it helps develop a strong will and endurance. But others hold opposite opinions. They believe that long-distance running is not good for us. It makes us tired and excited so that we can’t calm down to study after exercise and we may get hurt in it. Besides, long-distance running is a big challenge to our physical condition.
For my part, it is unwise to call off long-distance races. So long as we are careful enough, the races can do us nothing but good.
热点考向 2 图画作文
【写作策略】
1. 命题特点
(1)根据所给图画的数目和形式不同, 看图作文考查的方式有组图(记叙类)、对比图(描写, 说明或议论类)、单张图画(漫画评论类)三类。
(2)形象, 直观, 内容具体, 素材贴近生活。
图画类的书面表达一般都是中学生所熟悉的场景, 画面生动形象, 具有趣味性, 体现高考书面表达“生活化”的特点。有时候还附带有英语或汉语说明, 考生易获得直观信息。
(3)文体形式多样。
图画式书面表达的体裁比较广泛, 可以是记叙文, 将图画中所表达的信息完整地记录下来; 也可以是说明文, 根据图画从时间、过程、步骤等方面对之加以解释、说明; 还可以是议论文, 针对图画中所表现出来的一般现象, 加以议论, 得出结论, 提出解决问题的办法。
2. 解题关键
(1)看图记叙文的写作
看图记叙文的写作要注意把握写作素材的时间、地点、人物, 以及事件的叙述, 有些还需要叙述从故事中要吸取的教训或受到的教育。故事的叙述可以适当采用倒叙的方式, 或按事件的发生顺序进行描写, 图画中对话类的语言要改为间接引语。
记叙类看图写作以记叙为主, 兼有少量的观点议论。做此类题时, 学生一定要根据图画, 写出图画中活动的时间、地点、环境及活动内容, 几幅图画要照顾全面, 切忌过多描写或忽视某一图画的内容, 文章结尾可适当抒发一下自己的情怀, 作为画龙点睛之笔。
(2)看图议论文的写作
看图议论文的写作, 首先要认真阅读图画, 把握图的意义, 有时还要注意其隐含的观点与意图, 并联系生活实际进行思考与阐述。
此类看图写作一般分为两个部分: ①介绍图画的内容。②根据图画的内容进行与之相关的评论。此类图画以漫画和简单的单个图画为主, 这需要学生认真细致地观察图画, 然后进行深层次的思考, 从而切入图画的主题。
(3)看图说明文的写作
对于说明文体的看图作文, 要注意观察图画材料, 找出所有内容, 然后按一定的顺序有条理地阐述。说明文的叙述顺序一般有三种: 时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序(比如按图画反映的数字大小进行叙述)。注意文章开头与结尾的呼应。
3. 写作素材
(1)常用句式
用于描述图画或引入话题的句式:
①As is described in the picture. . .
②From the picture we can see that . . .
③The purpose of the picture is to show us that. . .
④As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relationship between . . . ⑤The sight reminds me of . . .
用于记叙事件经过或分析现象的句式:
①At first. . . then. . . five minutes later. . . finally/in the end/at last. . . 开始时……然后……五分钟后……最后……
②Upon arrival, we began to . . .
我们一到达就马上开始……
③Some. . . ; some. . . ; others. . .
一些人(做)……一些人(做)……另一些人(做)……
④. . . was/were doing. . . when suddenly sb. /sth. did. . .
当某事正在发生时突然又发生另一件事
⑤More and more people have come to realize the importance of. . .
越来越多的人已经意识到……的重要性
⑥Thanks to. . . , more and more. . .
多亏了……, 越来越多的……
用于发表议论或总结的句式:
①If such measures were not taken, the problem of . . . would be more serious. 如果不采取这样的措施的话, ……的问题会更加严重。
②We can conclude from this picture that. . .
从这幅图画中我们可以推断……
③As has been stated above, we must . . .
如上所述, 我们必须……
(2)黄金模板
第一段: 描述图画
As is vividly shown in the picture above, 图画的内容. The picture tells us that
第二段: 解释, 说明和分析图画
The implied meaning of the picture should be taken into account seriously. First/To begin with, Second/What's more, 结果2. Last but not least/Finally, 揭示涵义/原因/结果3(如果有的话). And the social problem(如果是现象的话可以用phenomenon) has aroused the great concern/care of our whole society/world/all the people.
第三段: 给出自己的看法和想法以及解决问题的办法
In my view/point of view(or As for me), we should take some measures as follows to deal with the problems shown in the picture. First, we shouldAnd then we have to/mustOnly in these ways, can we solve the problem of
【高考现场】
(2013·北京高考)
假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华, 请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序, 用英语写一篇周记, 记述爸爸出差期间, 妈妈生病, 你照顾她的过程。 注意: 1. 周记的开头已经为你写好。
2. 词数不少于60。
【审题】
【炼句】
1. 在我的细心照料下, 妈妈很快康复了。
a. (一般表达)I took good care of my mother and she recovered very quickly. b. (with短语)With my special care, my mother recovered very quickly.
2. 我爸爸回来之后, 我妈妈告诉了他在他出差期间发生的事情。
a. (一般表达)When my father came back home, my mother told him the things during his absence.
b. (定语从句)When my father came back home, my mother told him the things that had happened during his absence.
c. (宾语从句)When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened during his absence.
3. 为妈妈做了一点事情, 我感到非常高兴。
a. (一般表达)I had done something for my mother. I felt very happy.
b. (合并为简单句)I felt very happy for what I had done for my mother.
c. (合并为复合句)I felt very happy that I had done something for my mother.
【成篇】
Last Monday, my father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip. He would be away for three days. Just the next morning, I found my mother wasn’t feeling well. She had a cold. I immediately gave her some medicine and then prepared some noodles for her. With my special care, my mother recovered very quickly. When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened during his absence. He praised me for what I had done.
I felt very happy that I had done something for my mother.
【阅卷专家如是说】
文章涵盖了图中所有内容要点, 按照事情发生的先后顺序把故事的情节表达得很到位。不同句式的恰当运用使文章连贯、流畅、自然, 同时把四幅图画巧妙地连接在一起。一些高级句式和词汇的运用使得文章如行云流水, 表现了作者高超的语言驾驭能力。
【跟踪演练】
假设你是新华中学高三(1)班的学生王红, 校报英文版正在开展“续写雷锋日记”活动。请根据以下六幅图的先后顺序, 将你所做的一件好事及感受以日记形式记述下来, 向校报投稿。
注意: 日记的开头已为你写好, 可以适当增加细节, 使故事连贯, 词数120个左
右。
生词: calling card名片
Saturday, June 2 Fine
One day, on my way home after school, _______________
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【参考范文】
Saturday,
Fine
One day, on my way home after school, suddenly I found a wallet lying in the street near the No. 323 Bus Stop. I picked up the wallet. What surprised me most was that I saw lots of money and a calling card in the wallet when I opened it. From the calling card I knew something about the owner. Immediately I realized I can get in touch with the owner. So I went to the public telephone and called the owner, telling her the matter. Then I waited at the bus stop. It was not long before the owner arrived, and I gave the wallet to her.
June 2
So excited and thankful to me was the owner that she took out a 100-yuan-note to reward me. But I politely refused it. I took pride in what I did that day!
热点考向 3 图表作文
【写作策略】
1. 命题特点
(1)体裁上多以议论文和说明文为主。
(2)根据图表的呈现方式不同, 可分为柱状图、曲线图、数字表格和饼状图四类。柱状图多要求学生通过柱状图图中数据和提示内容写一篇短文, 属于比较、对照类, 也可根据提示写成议论文。曲线图常用来表示事物的变化发展趋势, 其特点是信息集中, 一目了然。数字表格是以表格形式, 将统计的数据或被说明的事物直接用表格形式体现出来, 即统计表。饼状图则是以圆内扇形的大小表示总体内部结构的变化。
2. 解题关键
(1)开门见山, 点明主题。
点明图表所反映的主题或问卷、民意调查的结果或点明你要展开阐述的话题。
(2)呈现数据, 分析原因。
呈现调查所得数据、结果, 阐明必要的理由或原因; 或分析数据间的主要差异及趋势。要特别注意层次。一定要注意筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据; 图表和数据内容不必全部描述, 要突出重点, 抓住图表中的极端。例如: 最大或最小、最多或最少、最好或最差。要善于抓住总的规律、趋势, 归纳增减率。
(3)归纳总结或发表评论。
如果这篇文章讲的是一个令人担忧的问题, 那么最后一段写解决办法的可能性最大。如果这篇文章讲的是一个好的变化, 那么最后一段很可能是两种情况——可能写负面的影响或存在的问题, 也可能写未来的趋势或发展方向。
此外, 写作时还要注意切忌写成“填表题”, “一对一直译”, “句式单一”, 遗漏“间接要点”, 应巧妙组合信息。
3. 写作素材
(1)常用句式
a. 描述图表中的变化与发展趋势。
快速上升: rise (increase/go up) sharply (rapidly/ quickly/ dramatically)
缓慢下降: decrease (reduce/come down/decline/drop/fall) slowly (gradually) b. 阐述事实的句式。
①There was a great/slight increase/rise in. . .
在……方面剧增/略有涨幅。
②There has been a sudden/slow/rapid fall/drop in. . . 在……方面骤降/下降缓慢/迅速下降。
③It is 20% lower/higher than. . . 比……低/高20%。
④The number/rate had nearly doubled, as against that of last year.
与去年相比, 这个数字/比例增长了近一倍。
⑤The number is . . . times as much as that of. . .
这个数字是……的……倍。
⑥It increases/rises/decreases/reduces by . . . %/two thirds. 增长/降低了……%/三分之二。
⑦By comparison with. . . , it decreased (fell)/increased from. . . to. . .
和……相比, 从……减少/增加到……
⑧It is obvious from the graph/chart that. . . rank the first/highest, while. . . turn out to be the lowest.
图中清楚显示……是排在第一位/最高的, 而……结果最低。
⑨A, which accounts for. . . %, ranks the first; next in line is B with. . . %, followed by C, making up. . . %, finally D, at. . . %. A排在第一, 占……%, 紧接着是B, 占……%, 跟着是C, 占……%, 最后是D, 占……%。
c. 表述原因的句式。
①The reason why/ for. . . is that. . . ……的原因是……
②One may think of the change as a result of. . .
人们可能把这种变化认为是……的结果。
③The change in. . . largely results from the fact that. . . 在……上的变化很大程度上是由……的事实造成的。
(2)黄金模板
As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture,
has been on rise/decrease, significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from 数字1 in xx年 to 数字2 in xx年. From this sharp rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that
There are at least two good reasons accounting for原因1. On the other hand, 原因2 is due to the fact that要分析的现象. In addition, 原因3 is responsible for 要分析的现象.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that 办法. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
【高考现场】
(2012·江苏高考)
生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执, 导致关系紧张。请你结合此事, 并根据以下提示, 用英语写一篇短文, 向学校英文报“Happy Teens”专栏投稿。
注意:
1. 对所有要点逐一陈述, 适当发挥, 不要简单翻译。
2. 词数150左右。开头已经写好, 不计入总词数。
3. 作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息, 如校名、人名等。 Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.
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【审题】
【炼句】
1. 在昨天下午的篮球比赛当中, 苏华和李江在抢球时因相互碰撞而发生争执。 a. (一般表达)During the basketball game yesterday afternoon, Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other when they tried to catch the ball.
b. (现在分词作状语)During the basketball game yesterday afternoon, Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other, trying to catch the ball.
2. 说实话, 是苏华的错, 但是李江也应负一定的责任。
a. (一般表达)To be honest, it was Su Hua’s fault. Li Jiang was also to blame. b. (用连词合并以上两个句子, 适当增加连接上下文的衔接词)
To be honest, it was Su Hua’s fault but Li Jiang was also to blame.
3. 要避免这样的冲突, 我们就应该对他人友好, 这一点对于享受和谐的生活是非常重要的。
a. (一般表达)To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another. This is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.
b. (用定语从句合并上句)To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.
4. 只有这样我们才能与他人和谐相处。
a. (一般表达)We can live in harmony with others only in this way.
b. (倒装句)Only in this way can we live in harmony with others.
c. (unless引导的条件状语从句)We can’t live in harmony with others unless we practise in this way.
【成篇】
Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. During the basketball game yesterday afternoon, Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other, trying to catch the ball. Then they started shouting and yelling, and it turned into a horrible quarrel.
To be honest, it was Su Hua’s fault but Li Jiang was also to blame—they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things. They cared too much about winning and losing. As a matter of fact, blocking, pushing and bumping are just part of a tough game.
To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life. It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society. Instead of blaming each other, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
Don’t be self-centered and try to be considerate. We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely. Only in this way can we live in harmony with others.
【阅卷专家如是说】
作者对写作内容进行了精心设计, 文章结构清晰、表达方式多样、行文朗朗上口。文中状语从句、非谓语动词、倒装句及大量高级词汇等的灵活使用恰到好处, 非同寻常的语言变化让文章鲜活丰满、别具一格, 同时也展示了作者扎实的英语语言素质和深厚的写作功底。
【跟踪演练】
假设某学校校园内浪费现象严重, 为创建节约型校园, 请你根据表中信息写
一篇演讲稿, 号召同学们从自身做起, 改变不良习惯, 杜绝浪费。
注意: 1. 词数: 120个左右(开头和结尾已给出, 但不计入总词数);
2. 可根据内容要点适当加入细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 参考词汇: 经济负担 financial burden
Dear classmates,
May I have your attention please? Now I’d like to make a speech here. __________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Therefore, I’m sure, with everyone doing his bit, we will change the present situation.
That’s all. Thank you!
【参考范文】
Dear classmates,
May I have your attention please? Now I'd like to make a speech here.
Nowadays, some of us have formed some bad habits on campus. For example, some students leave the lights on in the daytime. Some leave over much food on the table after eating. Besides, waste paper and spoiled books can be seen everywhere. So it is high time that we had to deal with the problems.
As we all know, these bad habits will have a bad influence on our character and behavior. What's more, we not only increase our cost at school and add financial burden to our parents, but also waste the limited resources. But how to reduce the waste? In my opinion, we should start with ourselves to save everything. Here, I'd like
to remind my classmates to take the lead in reducing the waste.
Therefore, I'm sure, with everyone doing his bit, we will change the present situation.
That's all. Thank you!
热点考向 4 (半)开放作文
【写作策略】
1. 命题特点
(1)文体特点:
(半)开放作文一般只给出主题、两三点提示、一段素材或漫画, 然后由考生在此基础上充分发挥想象力, 自由发挥, 自由创作。
(2)常见的命题形式:
①话题式:
即围绕题目中所给的特定的话题说明、叙述、举例, 最后谈谈自己的感想或发表自己的看法。
②漫画式:
即要求考生根据一定提示(一般是一段约20个词的英文提示或一幅漫画), 写一篇短文。要求考生充分发挥想象力和创造力, 自由拓展主题, 组织篇章结构, 这样既能体现出学生活跃的思维, 又能表现出他们的逻辑思维能力和灵活运用英语的能力, 从而把对考生写作能力的考查上升到一个新的高度。
(3)常考文体:
①记叙文:
一般给出一段材料, 然后要求考生根据所给材料的内容, 运用逻辑推理的方法, 给故事添加开头、发展过程及结尾。
②议论文:
要求考生根据所提供的信息材料(一般为漫画), 在描述漫画信息之余, 发挥自己的想象, 展开简单的议论, 并略谈自己的观点和看法。
2. 解题关键
(1)描述漫画内容
描述漫画内容的基本条件是看懂漫画。要求: 审图要准, 定位要清; 描述时言简意赅, 不可越位。要注意: 不要花太多时间挖掘图画深意!
(2)阐述对漫画的理解
所谓对漫画的理解, 是指围绕漫画反映的基本事实进行较为细致的解释。要求: 逻辑清晰, 合情合理。
(3)总结、升华主题
联系实际生活中和漫画中主体所反映的同类现象, 表明自己的看法、感想或人生感悟等, 及时表明自己的态度, 在遇到类似情况时, 应该采取的措施: 向图中主体学习其精神状态或是摒弃其做法, 最后号召大家应该怎么做。
3. 写作素材
(1)常用句式
a. 描述漫画常用句式。
①As is shown in the picture/As we can see in the picture, . . .
②In the picture, we can see clearly that. . .
③The picture describes a/an interesting/common/serious phenomenon that . . . ④The picture is trying to tell us that. . .
⑤On seeing this picture, I am struck.
b. 挖掘漫画所反映的社会现象和蕴含的哲理常用句式。
①The . . . shown in the picture really astonished me.
②The picture reflects a common social problem that. . .
③The picture vividly shows that we people are ruining our own health.
④The picture reminds me of those who . . .
⑤The picture conveys a message that . . .
⑥The picture makes me think a lot about . . .
c. 对漫画中反映的问题做出评价或建议的常用句式。
①From the picture we can draw a conclusion that . . .
②Only with combined efforts/in this way, can we . . .
③Personally/In my opinion/As far as I’m concerned/From my point of view. . . ④Some effective measures should be taken immediately to deal with. . .
⑤I strongly argue that we should. . .
(2)黄金模板
As is shown in the picture, becoming more and more serious. First, .
Confronted withwe should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, . For another法二. Finally, 解决方法三.
Personally, I believe that. Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because
【高考现场】
(2013·北京高考)
请根据下面提示, 写一篇短文。词数不少于50。
You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.
【审题】
【炼句】
1. 这幅画是在告诉我们梦想和现实之间是有差距的。
a. (一般表达)There is usually a difference between one’s dream and reality. This is what the picture tells us.
b. (宾语从句)The picture is telling us that there is usually a difference between one’s dream and reality.
c. (主语从句)What the picture tells us is that there is usually a difference between one’s dream and reality.
2. 每个人都有梦想, 然而很多时候梦想不是那么容易实现的。
a. (一般表达)Everyone has his dream but to realize their dreams is not so easy sometimes.
b. (it作形式主语)Everyone has his dream. However, it is not so easy for people to realize their dreams sometimes.
3. 正如图画中的钓鱼者, 他没有钓到他梦想中的大鱼, 相反却只钓到了一条小鱼。
a. (一般表达)Just like the man in the picture, he doesn’t catch the big fish he wishes for, but catches a small one.
b. (介词短语简化句子)Just like the man in the picture, instead of the big fish he wishes for, he actually catches a small one.
【成篇】
I think the picture is telling us that there is usually a difference between one’s dream and reality. People need to learn to face the reality. Everyone has his dream. However, it is not so easy for people to realize their dreams sometimes. Just like the man in the picture, instead of the big fish he wishes for, he actually catches a small one. In my opinion, people need to learn to accept the reality and keep on trying. With another try, they may gain what they dream of.
【阅卷专家如是说】
作者能够按照图画内容, 清晰而准确地表示自己对图画的理解。行文注重句式的变化, 使用了宾语从句, 过渡词等, 长短句结合, 深入浅出地阐释了图画的寓意。此外, 在表达个人观点时, 作者强调了“再尝试一次, 梦想就会实现”。可以说这是一篇内容充实、想象力丰富、并具有一定思想性的文章。
【跟踪演练】
请根据下面提示, 写一篇短文。词数120个左右。
You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.
【参考范文】
Jim, look at this funny picture! One boy has just caught a fish from a shallow basin in the boat, looking quite content with himself. But it is the only fish in the basin. Obviously, he can’t get more. Compared with him, the other boy, who is fishing from the river, seems not to have tasted the fruits of victory, but he keeps calm
and still works hard. We know there is a wide variety of fishes in the lake; if he holds
on, he will sure catch more fishes than the boy fixing his eyes on the only fish in the basin.
In reality, we should be a person with a grand vision. Put our mind to a better harvest and I think extra effort will pay us off in the end.
1
(2013·成都模拟)
假设你叫王平。为响应国家厉行节约的号召, 请你以“厉行节约——为资源、为环保”为题, 向某英语报社编辑写信, 表达你对厉行节约的看法。该英文信应包括以下内容:
1. 节约与资源的关系;
2. 节约与环保的关系;
3. 举例说明中学生该如何厉行节约;
4. 倡导社会保持节约的优良传统。
注意: 1. 词数: 120个左右;
2. 全文不得透露个人的真实姓名。
【参考范文】
Dear Editor,
I'm Wang Ping. I’m writing to offer your newspaper an article“Trying to Save Both for Natural Resources and the Environment”.
Saving is very important because natural resources in our world may run out one day, so we should save some for our offspring. Meanwhile, saving can help us avoid producing waste, which will make our homeland more beautiful. As students, we should make our contributions. For example, wecan recycle our text books or use both sides of our exercise-books. In this way more trees would be saved. What’s more, we Chinese have a good tradition of saving and regard wasting as a shame, so we call for everybody’s action to save what we can to make our beautiful life last forever. Best wishes.
Yours
sincerely,
Wang
Ping
2
近来, “光盘行动”悄然流行, 这一行动引导崇尚节约、反对浪费的社会风气。其实在我们的校园生活中也存在着一些浪费现象。请简述几个浪费现象, 并就如何厉行节约、反对浪费谈谈你的看法和建议。
注意: 1. 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。
2. 词数为120个左右。(开头已写好, 不计入总词 数。)
Recently, “clear your plate” campaign is more and more popular in our society, which advocates saving against wasting.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Recently, “clear your plate” campaign is more and more popular in our society, which advocates saving against wasting. The campaign draws our attention to wasting on campus. Some students are noticed to throw away a lot of food in the canteen. As is often the case, some lights are still on with nobody in classrooms. What's more, many a student spends much money buying unnecessary items.
As far as I am concerned, it's high time that we fought against wasting. Here are my suggestions. Firstly, I think our school should carry out various activities to arouse students’ awareness of saving. Secondly, relevant rules and regulations are supposed to be made to punish those who waste things. Most importantly, we should form the habit of saving from now, from ourselves. It is everyone's duty to save resources.
三段十句作文法打造高分作文
一、三段十句作文法的基本模式
1. 第一段为开头, 包括两句。第一句为主题句, 点明全文主题; 第二句为扩展句, 进一步说明和支持主题句。两者关系也可倒过来, 由第一句说明情况, 第二句点明主题。
2. 第二段为正文, 共七句。第三句为主题句, 提出本段的主题, 它应与第一段的主题相关或一致。第四至九句为扩展句, 说明和支持本段的主题。句与句之间要注意好过渡, 以使段落逻辑合理, 结构得当。
3. 第三段为结尾, 简化为一句, 也是全文的总结句,
它将前面的内容总结为一个
结果, 表明自己的论点。
三段之间的连接要灵活运用“启、承、转、合”的连接过渡手段。需要指出的是所谓十句作文并非一定10句, 如以每个句子平均10～15个单词计算, 便能用8～12个句子完成一篇要求120～150个词的作文。
【写作典例】
(2013·重庆高考)
调查显示, 中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)
受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝, 目前总数不足
1 000只。假设你是李华, 现请用英文给WWF
(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信, 请他们关
注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括:
●说明写信目的
●简述江豚现状
●希望WWF如何帮助(比如: 资助江豚保护项目等)
●表示感谢并期待回复
注意: 1. 词数不少于80;
2. 书信格式及开头均已给出(不计入总词数)。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m a student from Chongqing, China, and I am writing to ask you to pay attention to the situation of Finless Porpoises. (句1, 主题句)They are under threats of humans and as a result, the numbers have fallen to no more than 1, 000. (句2, 扩展句)If the situation remains the same, within 10 years, Yangtze Finless Porpoises will become extinct forever. (句3, 扩展句)
In order to protect Finless Porpoises, we sincerely hope you can help take some measures. (句4, 主题句)You can finance Finless Porpoises projects, in which way we can establish the Finless Porpoise conservation station and volunteer stations as soon as possible to carry out annual routine observation and investigation. (句5, 扩展句)What’s more, it is another effective way to appeal to the news media along the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River for a joint interview to publicize the
importance of porpoise conservation. (句6, 扩展句)Besides, sewage emissions should be reduced as soon as possible. (句7,扩展句)We hope that with your help, all people throw themselves into loving care for the fate of Yangtze Finless Porpoises. (句8, 结尾句)
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
二、十句作文法的基本步骤
要写好一篇文章, 必须按照一定的步骤进行, 只有这样, 才能使写出的内容主题明确, 层次分明。十句作文法包括如下六个步骤: 审题、列纲、成文、修改、誊写和检查。
(1)审题
审题是写好作文的第一步。只有审好题, 才能使内容不偏离主题, 不随意发挥, 避免因为离题而失分。因此, 审好题是得高分的前提和基础。审题要做到“三定一列”, 即定体裁、定人称、定时态、列内容要点。以命题作文“The Classmate I Admire Most”为例, 体裁显然是记叙文, 人称应该用第一、三人称, 时态应以一般现在时为主。内容要点应该主要列一下“我”崇拜的原因。
在审好题, 确定好写作中心后, 要找出根据这个中心能够扩展的材料有哪些, 要避免那些与中心内容无关的细节。仍以命题作文“The Classmate I Admire Most”为例, 文章的主题是关于记叙我最欣赏的一位同学, 因而就不能泛泛谈论这位同学的家庭关系、社会背景等, 而要紧紧抓住这位同学身上能够吸引你的地方去展开。
2)列纲
列纲的过程是思考的过程, 也是套用十句作文法模板的过程。要围绕中心, 列出写作提纲。提纲一定要包含所提供的情景、要点, 同时尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇与句型。
还以“The Classmate I Admire Most”为例, 提纲可以这样写:
①Who is the Classmate I admire most.
②My reasons. (Some Examples)
③What can I learn from the classmate.
总之, 列纲要注意以下三点: 选好开头句; 安排好结构; 选择好句型。
(3)成文
成文就是根据所列的提纲和文章的词数要求, 将提纲扩展成文。
①在整篇文章中, 努力避免只使用一两个句式。要灵活运用各种句式, 如倒装句、强调句、省略句、主从复合句、对比句、分词短语、介词短语等。
②使用不同长度的句子, 通过分句和复合句, 增强句子的连贯性和表现力。 ③改变句子的开头方式, 不要一味以主、谓、宾、状的次序写句子, 可以把状语置于句首或用分词等。
④学会使用关联词。
三、十句作文法中常用的满分句型
(1)合并句子(丰富结构):
•(2013·安徽高考)Not only will I keep from littering and spitting anywhere but I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.
(2)改变语态(避免单调):
•(2013·重庆高考)Besides, sewage emissions should be reduced as soon as possible.
(3)使用省略(达到言简意赅的效果):
•(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)If so, please keep quiet about it because we want to give him a surprise.
(4)使用强调句型(突出语意):
•(2013·福建高考)It is overprotection and too much care that affect the children’s healthy development.
(5)使用倒装句(增强说服力):
•(2013·江苏高考)Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.
(6)使用虚拟语气(提出建议, 委婉表达, 易于接受):
•I strongly suggest that we should donate books and sports goods to children in need.
(7)使用with结构(丰富句式):
•(2012·福建高考)The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun shining and birds singing.
(8)使用状语从句(强调谓语或句子):
•(2013·重庆高考)In a word, the more they communicate with each other, the better they’ll know each other.
(9)使用定语从句(表意丰富):
•(2013·山东高考)However, I was busy preparing for my final exam at that time, which was of vital importance for me.
(10)使用名词性从句(体现扎实的语言功底):
•(2013·福建高考)It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents.
(11)使用非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词以及动名词的使用, 可使句式多样化):
•(2012·福建高考)What’s worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.
•(2013·安徽高考)These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm to life and the environment.