一般现在时中的第三人称单数形式
在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s 或-es 。
(一) 什么是一般现在时?一般现在时的基本用法有哪些呢?
【一般现在时的功能】
1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3. 表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
(二)哪些主语是第三人称单数? 现归纳总结如下:
一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如:
He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
he has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。
It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如:
①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词" 作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。
②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。
③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。
④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。
四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this,
that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。
②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。
③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。
④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。
五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如:
①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。
②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。
六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如:
①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。
②"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。
(三)一般现在时------动词第三人称单数形式构成规则(一般现在时中主语时第三人称
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S ”如:
①stop -stops make-makes read-reads play-plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y ”结尾的,要先将“y ”变为“i ”,然后在加“es ”读[iz] 如:
fly-flies carry-carries study-studies worry-worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es ”,发音为如:
teach-teaches watch-watches
4、以“o ”结尾的动词,加“es ”,如:
go-goes do-does
5、以不发音字母“e ”结尾的开音节词,加“s ” 如: close-closes [iz]
6、特殊:
1. ○be 动词包括:am , is, are。第三人称单数用 is;过去式为 was;复数用are ,过去式为were. 2. 动词 have ,○遇到主语是第三人称单数时,要用 has; 动词 be 的第三人称单数形式is 。
(四)巩固练习题:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式:
sit-- guess-- die-- go--
rush-- reach-- touch-- brush-- fly-- copy-- say-- run-- do-- fix-- live-- cry--
enjoy-- have-- wish-- play-- Tie-- teach-- buy-- study-- drink-- go-- stay-- make-- look-- carry-- come-- watch-- plant-- fly -- do--
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. -What day _______(be) it today?
- It’s Saturday
三、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________