（四）表述利与弊或好与坏
一、常用句型
1. It has the following advantages.
2. It does us a lot of good.
3. It benefits us quite a lot..
4. It is beneficial to us.
5. It is of great benefit to us.
6. It has more disadvantages than advantages.
7. It does us much harm.
8. It is harmful to us.
二、例子
例1：
Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better, and they can open our minds and widen our horizons. Therefore, reading extensively is of great benefit to us.
例2：
However, everything is divided into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.
三、写作指导
1、谋篇方面：结构要清晰流畅，巧用过渡词
1)下列各组表示列举的短语非常实用，对高考写作很有帮助
firstly,…secondly,…thirdly,…finally,…
to begin with,…then,…furthermore,…finally,...
to start with,…next,…in addition,…finally,…
first and foremost…,besides…,last but not least…
most important of all…,moreover…,finally…
2)如果只有两层意思，可选用下列两组中的任一组
On the one hand,…on the other hand…
For one thing,…and for another thing…
however, besides
3)常用的过渡表达法
表增加：and ,also, in addition, furthermore, moreover
表时间顺序: now, then, before, after, soon, gradually
表空间顺序: near, beyond, above, around, outside
表示比较: in the same way, just like, just as
表示对照: but, still, yet, however, on the contrary
表原因和结果：because, since, so, as a result, therefore
表目的: for this reason, for this purpose, so that
表强调: indeed, surely, without any doubt, truly
表解释说明: for ,for example, in fact, actually
表总结：in conclusion, in brief, in a word
2、写作模板
1）指出某种现象，引出话题
Nowadays, … play(s) an important part in our life……
…is popular/common around us.
2）点明本文是优缺点的文章
Like everything else, …it has(have) both favorable and unfavorable aspects./ advantages and disadvantages.
3）优点的写法
Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
Firstly,… Secondly, … Thirdly,… Finally, …
4）缺点的写法
However,…it also has(have) some disadvantages.
In the first place, Besides (What’s more)…
In addition,…(moreover)
Every coin has two sides.
On the one hand …,on the other hand,…
For one thing…,for another…
5）表明自己观点
In a word, I believe that …
In my opinion, we should / I suggest/advise/propose……
In my view,……
四、翻译短文
1、学生吸烟的危害比成年人更大，它不仅有害于身体，而且有害于心灵。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2、早起有益。早起可呼吸到新鲜空气，做早操，对身体健康有好处；早起对学习有好处；早起可从容制定工作计划，对工作有好处。晚起的人都应早起。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3、近年来，我们国家掀起一股出国学习的热潮，越来越多的中学生愿意到国外学习。到国外学习有利还是有弊呢？请根据下面的信息，用英语写一篇短文。 写作内容：
1）国外能提供良好的语言环境，更有利于语言的学习。
2）能培养独立生活的能力。
3）同时也存在不利的一面，例如：中学生年纪太小，缺乏生活经验，自理能力差，情感孤独。
4）学习生活费用高，给家长带来很大的压力。
5）中学生是否出国学习应根据自己及家庭实际情况来决定。
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Studying Abroad
现象In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. More and more students are trying their best to apply to go abroad. 观点In my opinion, it has both advantages and disadvantages.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 总结So I think we should consider ourselves and our family carefully before we decide to go abroad for study.
五、课后练习
1、根据下文写一篇关于网络优缺点的文章。
现象：当今网络使我们的世界变得越来越小。
观点：它在我们的日常的生活中起着越来越重要的作用，同时带来了很多优点和缺点。
优点：数百万的人们上网查找信息，学习新知识，做生意，交朋友和聊天。网络在很多方面给予我们帮助。
缺点：然而，它也带来很多问题。例如，一些学生上网到午夜，没时间学习。另外，网上有太多有害的信息。
结论：毕竟，每样事情都有两面，对于网络，父母应限制上网的时间，教师应告诉学生如何有效利用网络资源。
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2、根据下文写一篇关于请家教优缺点的文章。
现象：很多父母请老师或大学生作为小孩的家庭老师。
观点：请家教有利有弊。
利：效果更好，加强弱科的学习。
弊：占学生太多时间，学生容易养成依赖的习惯。
结论：如果你在某一学科太差，请家教是可以的，但不要太依赖。
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3、根据下文写一篇关于网上购物优缺点的文章。
现象：网络在日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，网上购物变得很受欢迎。 优点：方便，很容易找到你所要的东西或便宜的货品。
缺点：看不到产品，无法检查质量或无法试用。网上购物有许多陷阱。你不小心会损失很多钱。网上付款不安全。
结论：网上购物在将来一定很繁荣，但我们必须以平常心对待。
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4、根据下文写一篇关于广告优缺点的文章。
广告在现代社会中非常普遍，他们在我们的生活中起着重要作用。广告可以告诉人们现代有关新产品的信息，吸引顾客，有助于提高销售产量。但是我们不要太过依赖广告，因为有时候产品并不像它所宣传那样，在决定买之前最好检查产品。
假设你班在举行英文辩论会，讨论广告问题。请根据以下提示，写一篇发言稿。
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5、根据下文写一篇有关看电视的优缺点的文章。
电视自从发明以来大大地改变了人们的生活。
优点：扩大人们的视野，了解科技文化知识，丰富人们的娱乐生活。 缺点：电视上有暴力节目，过多看电视会影响人们的工作和学习。 结论：电视的好与坏因人而定。
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六、课堂练习参考答案
1
As we know, smoking is very harmful to our health. For teenagers, it does greater harm not only to our health, but also to our minds. 2
Early rising benefits us in many ways. First, it helps to keep us fit, and we all need fresh air, but air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Besides, by taking morning exercises we can improve our health. Second, it can help us in our studies, and in the morning we learn more quickly. Third, it can enable us to plan our work for the day, for we cannot work well without a proper plan, and early rising can also give us enough time to get ready for our work. So we say that those who always get up late should make great effort to get up early.
3
Studying abroad can not only provide them a good language environment, which is beneficial for their language study, but also enable them to take
care of themselves. On the other hand, it has disadvantages. For example, because of the lack of living experience, they may find it difficult to take care of themselves, and feel lonely and homesick. In addition, high expenses and tuition fees will become a heavy burden upon their parents. So I think we should consider ourselves and our family carefully before we decide to go abroad for study.
七、课后练习参考答案
1
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet
Nowadays, the world is getting smaller and smaller because of the Internet. It plays a more and more important role/part in our daily lives and brings/has a lot of advantages and disadvantages.
Millions of people search for information, learn knowledge, do business, make friends and chat online. The Internet does help a lot in many aspects. However, there are many problems as well. For example, some students keep surfing on the Internet till midnight, leaving little time for study. Besides, there is much harmful information on it.
After all, every coin has two sides. As for the Internet, parents ought to limit the online time of children; teacher should tell students how to make use of the Internet resources correctly.
2
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Getting Private Tutors
In recent years many parents ask teachers or college students to act as private tutors to their kids. Like everything else, getting private tutors also has its advantages and disadvantages.
On one hand, it’s more effective to study with a teacher. On the other hand, it can strengthen the weak points of the lessons. However, getting private tutors also has its disadvantages. For one thing, it takes up so much time that the students nearly have no time for themselves. For another, students can easily form the habit of dependence.
In my opinion, if you are really very weak in a certain subject, it’s OK for you to get a private tutor. But make sure that you won’t count on him or her.
3
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Shopping Online
As the Internet playa more and more important role in our daily lives,
shopping online becomes popular.
The greatest advantage of shopping online is its convenience. What’s more, it is easier to find what you want and it is cheaper to buy goods online.
However, people should not neglect its disadvantages. First, you cannot actually see the products, check their quality or try them on personally. Second, there are always traps online. If you are careless, you may lose a lot of money. In addition, the online payment system is not as safe as people expect yet.
Shopping online is bound to flourish in the future, but we must treat it calmly.
4 On Advertisement
Advertisements are very common in modern society, and they are now playing an important role in our life.
Advertisements can tell people a lot of information about new products: quality, prices, where to get and so on. What’s more, they can also attract potential customers’ interest and help increase the selling quantity.
However, we shouldn’t trust advertisements too much because sometimes the products are not really like what the advertisers claim to be. It is best to check the products before we decide to buy them. 5
On Television
Television has changed people’s lives greatly since it was invented. Like other things, it has both advantages and disadvantages.
In the first place, TV helps people broaden their views, get information and know the outside world without leaving home. Second, people can learn the knowledge of science, technology and culture and so on by watching educational programs. Moreover, TV programs make people’s lives more enjoyable.
However, there are too many programs about sex and violence on TV and watching TV usually takes too much time. It is no good for people’s work and study.
People all over the world watch TV. Whether it is a good thing or a bad thing depends on how people use it.