智课网TOEFL 备考资料
托福阅读长难句整理+解析
摘要： 托福阅读长难句几乎是所有考生的梦魇，所谓长难句就是句子成分复杂字数较多难以理解的句子，考生往往因此与托福阅读高分无缘，那么托福阅读长难句该怎样理解呢?
1、
The largest later named Pueblo Bonito(Pretty Town)by the Spanish, rose in five terraced stories，contained more than 800 rooms，and could have housed a population of 1，000 or more.
【译句】最大的一座后来被西班牙人称为Pueblo Bonito(美丽的城镇) ，是一个五层梯式楼，有800多间房子，能够容纳1 000人以上。
分句1：The largest rose in five terraced stories，contained more than 800 rooms，and could have housed a population of 1，000 or more
分句2：later named Pueblo Bonito(Pretty Town)by the Spanish
分句1嵌套了分句2，分句1的主语是the largest, 这是“the + 形容词”表示一个名词的结构，相当于“the largest one" 的省略的说法。
分句2是省略了“which was" 的定语从句，用来修饰分句1的主语the largest, 分句1内部是由三个并列的谓语构成的句子。
2、
Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”，the film has never been，in the full sense of the word, silent.
(倒装accustomed though we are…=though we are accustomed…)
【译句】虽然我们习惯于将1927年以前的电影叫做“无声电影”，但是就“无声’’这个词的完整意义上说，电影从未真正的无声过。
分句1：Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”
分句2：the film has never been silent
分句3：in the full sense of the word
本句的难点是在分句1是倒装句，正常语序是Though we are accustomed to speaking of the films made before 1927 as silent. 分句3是一个插入语，嵌套在分句2中，所以本句真正强调的核心是the film has never been silent.
3、
For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra，and very often the principal qualification for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces.
(特殊结构not…SO much as…——与其说…不如说…)
【译句】在好些年内，为各部影片选择配乐的权力完全掌握在乐队指挥或队长手中，而通常担任这种职位的资格与其说是技巧或鉴赏品位，不如说是个人拥有音乐作品的丰富收藏。
分句1：.For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra
分句2：and very often the principal qualification far holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces
分句1 和分句2是两个并列关系的分句，分句2的难点在于not…… so much as的结构。
4、
Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity，the number of species in a particular ecosystem，to the health of the Earth and human well-being.
(倒装coincident with concerns…has been…=…has been coincident with concerns…)
【译句】在对物种和动物栖息地加速消失表示关注的同时，人们也越来越认识到生物多样化，即一个特定生态系统中物种的数量对地球的健康以及人类幸福的重要性。
此句是完全倒装句，谓语动词是 has been，真正的主语是has been 后面的内容。
Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats是表语。
原来的正常语序是： A growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity，the number of species in a particular ecosystem，to the health of the Earth and human well-being has been coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats
其中 the number of species in a particular ecosystem 是插入语，作为同位语出现，用来解释说明biological diversity
在这句话真正的主语中有一个 " the importance of A to B" 的结构，应该翻译为“A对B 的重要性”。 原句中就是 "the importance of biological diversity to the health of the Earth and human well-being " 叫做“生物多样性对于地球和人类幸福健康的重要性" 。
5、
The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem surprising，considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species.
(同位语从句fact that…;定语从句that comprise the bulk…)
【译句】考虑到组成大部分物种的昆虫的巨大数量，认为半数的已知物种栖息在世界的雨林中这一事实看起来并不令人吃惊。
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